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What air gun pushes a pellet 3000 fps?

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Today I’m going to show you the best 22LR scope for target shooting.

In fact:

I’ve hand-tested 18 scopes alone for this review.

The best part?

I’ve sorted the scopes by use. So whether you’re on a budget or need the best 22LR optic, you’ll find it here.

Let’s dive in!

The 4 Best 22LR Scope for Target Shooting

If you’re pressed on time, here’s a quick list of the best 22LR scopes:

1. Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire: Best Overall 22LR Scope
2. Vortex Crossfire II 2-7×32 Rimfire: Best Close-to-Medium Range Scope
3. Bushnell Drop Zone-22 2-7×32: Best Short-range Varmint Hunting
4. Athlon Argos BTR 6-24×50: Best Short-to-Long Range 22LR Scope

1. Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire: Best Overall 22LR Scope

The Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire is the best overall 22LR scope.

I’ve used it for hunting, target shooting, night time hunting and more.

What makes it so versatile?

Keep reading and I’ll show you…

Glass Clarity & Reticle

Here’s the thing:

When a scope is positioned at a low price point like the Leupold Freedom Rimfire, it usually equates to reduced quality.

But that’s wasn’t the case here.

In fact, the glass on this scope is just as crisp and clear as the glass used on more expensive Leupold sights.

It’s also great in low light conditions, making the visibility problems I usually face with early morning shooting nonexistent.

But what about the reticle?

It’s a standard duplex reticle set in the second focal plane.

This allows you to have a strong and easy to see reticle at all magnifications.

Eye Relief & Eye Box

It has a whopping 4.1” of eye relief!

That’s more than any other scope on this list.

The best part?

You can shoot with both eyes open, and accurately hit your target without worrying about getting a black eye 🙂

Durability & Weight

The VX-Freedom Rimfire is well built.

It’s crafted with lightweight aluminum that is O-ring sealed and nitrogen purged.

In other words:

It’s completely shockproof, waterproof and fogproof.

In the dead of winter, with snow actively falling, I didn’t have a single temperature or fog related problem.

Elevation & Windage Knobs

The dials worked correctly, and are set at ¼ MOA with audible clicks to ensure precision.

However, the knobs feel cheap. The plastic used on the knobs is soft and feels like something you find in a dollar store.

Don’t get me wrong:

The knobs work fine and do exactly what they are supposed to do. I just wish Leupold used a higher quality plastic or even aluminum for the knob.

That being said, they are accurate, easy to use and track true. It’s also easy to zero, and holds zero even with strong recoil or accidental drops.

Magnification & Parallax

The 1.5-4x magnification is perfect for hunting and target shooting.

In fact, I’ve used it up to 200 yards without a problem. Further than that would require more magnification. I’d recommend checking out myVortex Viper HST 4-16×44 Review.

Although parallax is fixed, I experienced no blurriness or fuzziness when shooting within 100 yards.

Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire Review: Is It Worth It?

If you’re looking for the best overall 22 LR scope that will work in almost any situation, then the Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire is for you.

Here’s why. It’s:

• Affordable
• Clear glass
• Lightweight
• Works well in low light
• Short-to-medium range magnification

In short:

The Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire Riflescope is budget friendly and easy to use scope. Plus, it’s backed by Leupold’s lifetime guarantee.

You break it, they’ll fix it…free of charge.

2. Vortex Crossfire II 2-7×32 Rimfire: Best Close-to-Medium Range Scope

Looking for the best close-to-medium range scope for target shooting? Then get a Vortex Crossfire II 2-7×32.

Not only is it affordable, but the scope’s features is built with quality.

Like what?

Keep reading to find out…

Glass Clarity & Reticle

Glass clarity is always one of the defining features on a Vortex optic and the Crossfire II 2-7x is no exception.

This scope has a fully multi-coated lens that provides a stunningly bright and clear view of your target.

The lens also has an anti-reflective coating. This reduces light absorption to minimize any glare that could appear in your sight,

What’s better is the V-plex reticle.

It’s a popular hunting reticle that can be used for about any hunting applications. That’s why I recommended it in my 4 best scopes for Ruger 10/22 guide.

However, it’s wire constructed. Although it’s not bad, it can break and occasionally lose their position.

This reticle is a second focal plane (SFP) which lets you increase or decrease magnification without changing the size of the reticle.

So the reticle gets to do its job without obstructing your view of the target.

Eye Relief & Eye Box

One sure sign of a quality optic is the eye relief.

A good scope should allow you to have a comfortable distance between your eye and the eyepiece while still being able to clearly see the full field of view.

The Crossfire II really delivers in this area. It offers a very forgiving 3.9 inches of eye relief at the lowest magnification and 4.7 inches at the highest magnification.

The eye box (range of positioning behind the eyepiece) is also really generous. This allows for faster target acquisition and is a big reason why this optic can be recommended for both tactical use as well as for hunting.

Durability & Weight

The Vortex reputation is built on the company’s resolve to make a product that endures.

Crossfire II displays all the signs of the vortex standards

Like other Vortex products, the Crossfire II has been designed to surpass the standards of similarly-priced riflescopes.

The hard-anodized tube is made from aircraft-grade aluminum which protects it against scratches and dings.

The design is also shockproof, ensuring that the components aren’t easily jumbled by the movement of your gun. Not to mention movements that come with normal use, such as, having it packed up with the rest of your gear in the back of your truck, or even accidentally knocking it over or dropping it.

The scope is O-ring sealed and nitrogen purged, making it both waterproof and fog proof.

If for some reason any of these features fail or your scope is damaged in any way, Vortex covers it with its VIP lifetime warranty.

The company will either repair or replace your Crossfire II, no matter what the problem is or how long you’ve had it.

To top it all off, this heavy-duty scope weighs just 14.3oz. — a comfortable addition to most rifles.

Elevation & Windage Knobs

The turrets on the Crossfire II are medium height and finger adjustable.

The knobs have a sturdy feel to them and can be easily manipulated, even with a gloved hand. Both turrets are capped to protect your settings and can be reset back to zero after sighting in.

Windage and elevation can both be adjusted to 60 MOA with each click measuring ¼ MOA.

Magnification & Parallax

With a magnification of 2-7x, this is a scope meant for close to medium-range shooting.

The parallax adjustment is fixed up to 100yds which is a good fit for this level of magnification.

Vortex Optics Crossfire II 2-7×32 Review: Is It Worth It?

With a price tag of only $129, you are getting a great scope with quality features that many people pay twice as much for.

Not only that, but when you take into account the lifetime warranty, it’s almost a no brainer.

In short:

If you’re looking for a solid tactical scope that excels in hunting, then I’d recommend the Crossfire II.

3. Bushnell Drop Zone-22 2-7×32: Best Short-range Varmint Hunting

Want to do short-range varmint hunting?

Or rimfire tactical matches?

Then take a look at the Bushnell Drop Zone-22 2-7×32. It’s literally designed for the .22 LR round.

The best part?

It’s super affordable. Let’s take a closer look…

Glass Clarity & Reticle

The glass is surprisingly good.

In fact, I didn’t notice any tunnel vision from the bezel like I do with other similarly-priced optics.

But what’s even better is the Drop Zone-22 BDC reticle.

It’s specifically engineered for 38-40 grain, .22 LR high-velocity loads, with a 50-yard zero.

What that means is it specifically measures the .22 LR’s trajectory, giving you completely accurate bullet drop estimates.

This is perfect if you do short-range varmint hunting or rimfire tactical matches.

Eye Relief & Eye Box

The 3.6” of eye relief is very forgiving — even at full magnification.

Also, the eye box is generous. I didn’t experience any eye fatigue.

Durability & Weight

The Drop Zone-22 is built like a tank.

It’s O-ring sealed, argon purged and crafted from durable aluminum. Which means, the scope is waterproof, fogproof and shockproof.

However, it comes at a hefty cost:

Heavy weight.

At about 19.5 ounces in weight, the Drop-Zone 22 is one of the heaviest scope in its class.

Elevation & Windage Knobs

The exposed target turrets are reliable.

They produce positive, crisp clicks. No tools are required. And the ¼ MOA is very precise.

However, the dials are a bit stiff to turn…at first. With usage, it’ll loosen up.

Moving on, zeroing was easy. After 7 rounds, I was zeroed in. It also held zero like a champ. 82 rounds and a few hikes later, I still haven’t lost zero.

Magnification & Parallax

Just like the turrets, the power ring is also rather stiff.

The solution?

Use a throw-over lever. This makes turning the knob a breeze.

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The scope is also equipped with an adjustable side parallax knob. This is gold…considering the price of the optic.

It can adjust as low as 10 yards to infinity. A plus if you’re plinking, engaging close targets or rimfire shooting.

In short:

The 2-7x magnification and parallax adjustment is clean and precise.

Bushnell Optics Drop Zone-22 Review: Is It Worth It?

If you’re looking for a budget-friendly 22LR scope, then get a Bushnell Drop Zone-22.

Here’s why. It’s got:

• Durable
• Clear glass
• Long eye relief
• 22LR BDC reticle
• Side parallax adjustment

It’s literally designed for small game hunting, plinking and rimfire shooting.

The best part?

It’s backed by Bushnell’s lifetime warranty. So if ANYTHING happens to the scope, they’ll fix er’ up for free.

4. Athlon Argos BTR 6-24×50: Best Short-to-Long Range 22LR Scope

The Athlon Argos BTR 6-24×50 is the best short-to-long range scope for your 22lr rifle.

In fact:

The Argos BTR packs in many of the features of top-dollar scopes, but for a fraction of the cost. Like what? Keep reading to find out…

Glass Clarity & Reticle

The glass on the Argos BTR is very high quality, which means the image you see through your scope is clear and crisp. In fact, the Argos BTR excels in low-light conditions.

I’ve found that it’s the perfect scope for dusk and dawn hunts. This is because the BTR is made with a fully multi-coated lens which provides fantastic light transmission.

I’ve noticed that when I zoom in to 18-24x, I get a little bit of blurriness. That said, for under $400, you really can’t beat the image clarity of the BTR.

Now let’s take a look at the reticle.

I was expecting a pretty basic reticle from this scope, especially considering the price. However, the BTR uses an illuminated, etched APMR MIL reticle. It’s anything but basic!

Here’s a look at the APMR MIL reticle:

I really like the illuminated reticle, especially when I’m shooting in low-light conditions. There are 11 brightness settings which means that I can find the perfect illumination level every time.

I do wish that the BTR had an auto-shutoff feature to help save on battery life, but I tend to keep an extra Lithium battery in my bag just in case.

Also, since the reticle is etched into the glass, you don’t need to turn on the illumination at all if you don’t want to. The etched reticle is also much more durable than a wired crosshair, so you don’t have to worry about your wires getting knocked off center.

One of the best things about the Argos BTR is that it is a first focal plane riflescope, which means that the reticle grows as you zoom in on your target. No more calculations for holdover or windage when you change your magnification.

I love that the MIL reticle works at all ranges, and this feature usually only comes in scopes that cost over $1000.

Eye Relief & Eye Box

The eye relief on the BTR is a nice, comfy 3.3 inches. This is perfect for low-to-zero recoil calibers like 22lr.

The eye box is also nice and generous, although I’ve noticed it does shrink a little as you zoom in to max.

Durability

The Argos BTR is incredibly durable. The tube is made from heat-treated, aircraft grade aluminum and is sealed with O-rings.

As if that’s not enough, the whole tube is made from a single piece of metal, which makes it stronger and more waterproof than multi-piece scope tubes. The BTR is also argon-purged and uses an etched reticle.

All of these features mean that the scope is able to handle any kind of conditions and take any kind of punishment that I might throw at it.

Elevation & Windage Knobs

Here’s the scope’s biggest con…

The turrets move very easily, with almost no resistance…which can lead to over adjusting.

However, I spent about ten minutes re-greasing the turret caps. When I was done, the turrets felt much less mushy and the clicks were a lot louder.

If you’ve never regreased turrets before, here’s a quick video showing you how to do it:

Zeroing was a very easy process. I was able to zero the scope in less than ten rounds once I was hitting paper.

And I’ve put hundreds of rounds through my 22lr since, and the zero has held true.

In my experience, these turrets have proved to be very reliable.

Parallax & Magnification

The parallax adjustment knob works very well. It’s easy to turn and accurate. This makes for easy adjustments in the field.

The 6-24x magnification is probably my favorite thing about this scope. Whether I want to shoot something ten yards out or plink a target at 1000 yards, the BTR is my go-to.

The scope image is very clear up until about 20x. After that it gets a little bit blurry, so you may want to invest in a higher-end scope if you want to do a lot of extreme distance shooting.

That said, I’ve found that the Argos BTR still functions well at 1000 yards, especially when you consider the price.

Mounting & Rings

The Argos BTR doesn’t come with any rings or a mount, so I’d suggest getting a set of High Scope Rings that fit your 22lr.

The scope does come with a set of lens covers, which is nice. It also includes a battery for the illuminated reticle.

I went ahead and bought a 50mm Athlon Sunshade to use for my daytime shooting.

It helps a lot with glare and reflections.

Is the Athlon Argos BTR 6-24×50 Worth It?

If you need an all-range scope for your 22lr, you can’t go wrong with the Argos BTR.

Here’s why. It has:

• First focal plane
• 6-24x magnification
• Excellent in low-light
• Reliable, hand-adjustable turrets
• Illuminated, etched BTR MIL reticle
• Fully multi-coated glass for clear, crisp image

And all of this comes in a package that costs a fraction of what other competing scopes cost.

If all of that wasn’t enough, the BTR comes with Athlon’s Gold Medal lifetime warranty, so you know you’re covered if anything happens to your riflescope.

If you want all these features in a low-cost riflescope, then the Argos BTR 6-24×50 is for you.

Looking for a riflescope for your AR? Here’s our list of the 7 Best AR-15 Scopes and Optics.

Now It’s Your Turn

I hope you enjoyed my best 22LR scope for target shooting guide.

So as a recap:

If you’re looking for the best overall .22LR target shooting scope, then get the Leupold VX-Freedom Rimfire.

What about the best close-to-medium range optic? The Crossfire II 2-7×32 is for you.

If you’re into short-range varmint hunting, then opt-in for the Bushnell Drop Zone-22.

Or if you’re looking for the best short-to-long range scope, then get the Athlon Argos BTR 6-24×50.

Whichever .22LR scope you choose, you’re bound to hit a reliable, yet effective optic. I’ve spent hundreds of rounds through each one with no failure.

Now I want to turn it over to you:

Which rifle scope will you pick for your .22LR?

Let me know by leaving a quick comment down below.

As a fuzz-cheeked sports reporter many years ago in Martinsville, I asked the sports editor if I might write about outdoors events in Bulletin Country.

Anxious to keep me around because of a paltry salary, he agreed (and I needed the writing experience). That fall and winter I was stunned by the wall-hanger bucks local deer hunters brought to the office on Broad Street.

Because Commonwealth whitetails weren’t publicized and almost none lived where I was raised in central North Carolina (the Dixie Deer Classic wouldn’t appear for eight years), southern Virginia’s Blue Ridge bucks looked like they’d stepped out of Midwest hunting magazines.

The lack of trophy-deer publicity may have held back its reputation, but it’s been rising each year, currently rated 20th to 27th by national hunting magazines.

With 1 million deer and just 75,000 hunters, Virginia today leads the Southeast in impressive whitetails.

The Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries helps by wisely managing the state’s herd for quality rather than quantity, with two distinct regulations areas (east and west) and different bag limits at each region.

Challenges remain, from deer diseases (chronic wasting disease has crept into a few northwest counties and EHD outbreaks that periodically occur) to decreasing habitat and coyote predation. But three monster bucks from 2016 show the overall state of deer affairs is healthy in the Old Dominion.

BEAUTY OF A BEAST

Brent Boney, 42, works for Greensville County Water and Sewer near Emporia and belongs to the Round Hill Hunting Club of Skipper.

“We’ve got 15 members and 20 Walker hounds,” he said. “We lease 600 acres where we still- and dog-hunt. We take more deer while dog-hunting, but still-hunters kill bigger bucks.”

He should have added “usually” because that didn’t happen Nov. 16, 2016, when Boney dropped a 210 6/8-inch 25-pointer, the top-scoring southern rack at the 2017 Dixie Deer Classic and a Boone & Crockett qualifier.

“We use dogs exclusively during the two big winter holidays, Thanksgiving and Christmas,” Boney said.

The club has an agreement with an adjoining landowner, who only allows still-hunting.

“The deer know they’d be safe if they can make it to his land,” Boney said. “The ones we jumped always went to a certain section near the back of our lease (to enter the de facto sanctuary).”

Club members draw for stand sites. In 2015 Boney picked a zone near the sanctuary because he’d seen a handful of small trees destroyed by a big buck’s rubs. During November 2016 the hounds jumped a rocking-chair rack deer, and it ran within 40 yards of him, but Boney couldn’t get a clear shot in the thick 6- to 7-year-old cutover. Unluckily, a holly bush absorbed most of the 00 buckshot.

“I told the other club members what happened, and they laughed,” he said. “I don’t know if they believed me. No one had seen a deer like that.”

In February 2016, Boney returned to the area and brought a machete. He used it to clear several shooting lanes off a main trail he walked to reach his spot.

“I was gonna be ready if I got a chance at him again,” he said.

Opening day of 2016 gun season Boney once again pulled a number that allowed him to hunt the same region. His 18-year-old daughter, McKaley Boney, was one of several designated dog handlers.

“I sat and listened to dogs for two hours and was about to give up when she called me (with a cell phone),” he said. “She told me to sit tight because she’d just caught four hounds crossing a road onto someone else’s property. She planned to drive near me and release the dogs.”

A minute or two later, Boney heard the hounds open up on a deer that seemed headed straight for him.

“He was about 100 yards in front of the dogs when he came through one of the shooting lanes,” the hunter said.

Boney put his Remington 870 Magnum Wingmaster shotgun, loaded with 00 buckshot, to his shoulder and fired when the buck trotted into a shooting lane. The deer stumbled, fell, and didn’t get up.

“When I walked to him and saw his antlers, I said, ‘Oh, my Lord,'” Boney said. “I had never seen anything like this deer.”

Its 5×5 mainframe rack had 25 scoreable tines and points, including nine abnormals on the right main beam and six on the left beam. Officially scored after 60 days, it had a right main beam of 26 6/8 inches and the left taped 26 3/8 inches. Brow tines were 5 3/8 and 7 0/8 while G2s were 11 6/8 and 11 7/8. G3s were 10 4/8 and 11 7/8 inches with G4s at 2 5/8 and 6 4/8 inches. The circumference numbers ranged from 5 0/8 (H1) to 3 1/8 (H4) inches. The inside spread totaled 18 1/8 inches while the outside spread was 21 4/8 inches.

The Virginia record non-typical buck, a 31-pointer killed by muzzle-loader hunter Jim Smith of Chilhowie in Warren County during 1992, taped 257 4/8 inches.

BATTERY-POWERED BUCK

Rodney Wingfield barely contained his excitement Oct. 1, 2016, the first day of archery season in Virginia.

“A trail camera I had put up near a Franklin County field got some pictures of a big buck before the season opened,” said the 42-year-old Martinsville resident, who put a crossbow bolt through a B&C qualifier (177 7/8 net typical inches) that day.

Henry County, with Martinsville at the center, borders Franklin County on its northern boundary.

Wingfield, 42, and a self-employed IT technician for a Greensboro (N.C.) company, had secured a Leaner Deluxe two-person 18-foot ladder tree stand against an oak beside a 10-acre field.

“It’s a big grassy field out in the middle of nowhere and is too big to hunt with a regular bow, which is how my dad, Raymond, and my brother, Elan, hunt,” he said. “But the field, ringed by some hardwoods and pines, is considered a high-traffic (deer) area.”

Wingfield admitted he’s not a hard-core hunter, but he was confident in his ability to shoot a Barnett Quad 400 crossbow he’d purchased from a friend seven or eight years earlier.

“I can hit a (dinner) plate (target) at 50 yards pretty regular,” he said. “The crossbow shoots flat, out to 50 yards. It has a red-dot scope on top. But I didn’t get up early on opening day to hunt in the morning and that afternoon I wore blue jeans, a camouflage t-shirt and didn’t use an scent-blocker or face paint.”

Wingfield, who had two crossbow whitetails to his credit, had hunted from the tree stand in the past and knew where deer likely would enter the field.

“They always seemed to come from off my right shoulder, so that’s where I was watching,” he said.

But he discovered when he picked up the crossbow that its battery-powered scope had been left in the “on” position and might lack power.

“I wasn’t too worried because I got into the stand about 4:45 p.m., and there should be plenty of daylight,” Wingfield said. “But if deer didn’t move until available light got low, I turned the scope off and hoped I could put it on high power and maybe make the dot glow when I needed it. Otherwise I’d guess about an aim point.”

Farms surrounding the Wingfields’ land had been leased and planted in soybeans, so the field was a crossing area for whitetails.

He’d already decided he wouldn’t take a chancy shot because he’d learned during preseason practice that 50 yards was his accuracy limit.

After a few minutes passed, a small six-pointer walked into the field and began sniffing the ground about 40 yards from Wingfield’s stand.

“He came from behind me,” he said. “No deer ever had come from that direction. Then I heard something else back there and figured it was a coyote.”

But the sound wasn’t a coyote. Instead the buck with 189 4/8 gross antler inches appeared 20 yards to Wingfield’s right. He put the faint red dot on the deer’s left shoulder and squeezed the crossbow’s trigger.

The deer never knew what hit it as the broadhead, pushed at 345 feet per second, sizzled through both lungs.

“He took five steps and fell over,” said Wingfield, who waited until dark before climbing down from his stand.

“I got my truck and drove to him, but I couldn’t lift him into the bed,” he said. “I had to drive home and get my brother and his girlfriend. They helped load the deer.”

The buck only weighed 120 pounds, but the experience — and seeing the massive headgear — drained Wingfield.

“My dad said he’d never seen a buck like this one in 40 years,” the hunter said. “All my brother could do was shake his head.”

Virginia’s non-typical deer archery record is shared by Clifton Forge’s John Feazell, who downed a 22-point Botetourt County trophy in 2009 that totaled 221 2/8 Pope&Young inches while Jimmy “Bo” Sturgill of Pound shot a 27-point, 221 2/8 buck in Wise County during November 2011.

BROOMSTRAW BOOMER

Jason Hazelwood, who drives a cement truck for Felton Brothers Transit Mixes of South Hill, put his fingerprints in Old Dominion hunting records Nov. 6, 2016.

That’s when his .50-caliber CVA in-line muzzleloader rifle dropped a Mecklenburg County buck with a nearly perfect rack that totaled 165 net Boone & Crockett inches, 5 inches shy of qualifying as an all-time B&C buck. It earned entry into the organization’s Awards category and its gross score totaled 172 6/8 inches.

It was likely Virginia’s top typical muzzleloader buck of 2016.

“We were hunting a farm with 270 acres that had a 3-acre broomstraw field,” he said.

“It was a spur-of-the-moment thing (to hunt for the field). It had a stand that had been there a couple of years before, a 12-foot-tall buddy stand.”

Although Hazelwood hadn’t seen the big whitetail and had no trail-cam photos, he was confident through second-hand information a large buck lived in the area.

“Some other people had photographs of him,” he said. “I knew there was a possibility he was there.”

The 37-year-old had hunted unsuccessfully during archery season, but those excursions gave him confidence he wasn’t wasting his time.

“I didn’t see him during bow season, but I did find scrapes along the edge of the field and some nice (tree) rubs.”

Virginia allowed Sunday hunting in 2014 when Governor Terry McAuliffe signed a bill that gave property-owners the right to hunt big game, including deer, on their own land. It also gave visitors the right to hunt with a landowner’s permission.

Certainly that ruling helped Hazelwood bag his trophy Oct. 1, 2016, which was a Sunday.

“I got into the stand about 4:15 p.m.,” he said. “It was on the edge of the broomstraw field.”

After he waited a few minutes, three does came into view.

“A little while later, another doe ran into the field, chased by the buck,” Hazelwood said. “The rut was on, and he had his neck stretched out and his nose down. Then he must have scented one of the other does and started to chase her.”

When the hunter saw the buck’s rack, he admitted he caught a case of buck fever.

It helped to settle his muzzle-loader’s barrel, holding 100 grains of black powder and seated underneath a 280-grain Sabot bullet, on a rail around the stand.

“I watched him chase that doe for 3 minutes and felt like he was going to run her out of the field, so I took the shot at about 75 yards,” he said. “I was looking through a 3x9x50 scope, aimed at his front shoulder but hit him a little farther back.”

When the buck left the field, the hunter burned the spot in his memory. Hazelwood couldn’t find any blood sign but walked to his last sighting of the wall-hanger and found the beautiful deer piled up a few steps into the woods.

The rack’s main beams were 24 3/8 and 25 3/8 inches, with G2s of 10 3/8 and 10 6/8 and G3s of 9 4/8 and 10 4/8 inches. Only one 2-inch abnormal point, 3 inches of total asymmetrical tine length and 5/8 inch of circumference difference marred its 5×5 main frame antlers.

2017 Southern Deer Forecast

My introduction to the diminutive .17 caliber came via a mid-winter coyote caper in southwestern Alberta. I hunted mule deer there the previous year with a good buddy, Andre van Hilten, owner of Willow Creek Outfitters. The predator hunter in me couldn’t help but notice the abundance of coyotes as we picked apart the landscape with our optics in search of antlers. So it was no surprise the next January I was following Andre down a sharp ridgeline where we set up overlooking a spiderweb of brushy draws that converged at a frozen stock pond.

It was that magical crepuscular time of the morning all coyote hunters cherish. The breeze was cool and wispy as the sun peeked over the horizon. Andre laid into the rabbit distress call with the guttural growl of a chain-smoking blues singer, causing the hairs on the back of my neck to stand and applaud. I watched the hills come to life as coyotes began crawling out of the woodwork. Nine in all! Most were milling around several hundred yards out, finishing up the night shift and paying us very little attention. Then I spotted two coming hard, one down a fence line, the other circling the far end of the stock pond. I’d like to say that we cleaned house, but circumstances conspired to produce a big fat zero. Don’t ask, and I won’t tell. No worries, though. There was no shortage of coyotes and we’d get a chance at redemption in this predator-rich environment.

That reckoning came in the form of several rugged-out coyotes over the next few days of hunting, firmly planted by the formidable .17 Remington Fireball and its petite 20-grain AccuTip-V projectile. This hunt occurred a few years back when Remington first introduced the cartridge—a necked-down version of its .221 Fireball—and paired it with the also petite Model Seven rifle. I was one of a handful of early test subjects asked to measure its mettle. While I was somewhat skeptical of using such a small bullet on such large northern coyotes, that concern proved to be unfounded. A look at my notes from that hunt demonstrates the efficiency of this formidable little cartridge.

On that Alberta hunt we had no unrecovered coyotes. The longest shot—193 yards—to a broadside coyote dropped it in its tracks with no exit wound. A shot at 170 yards netted a similar result: instant death with no exit wound. A shot to the head at 171 yards dropped another coyote with an exit wound that caused only minimal damage. Only one coyote showed considerable fur damage: a frontal shot at 94 yards that encountered bone and exited out the shoulder.

Another group of hunters in Wyoming experienced similar results with kills ranging from 60 to 250 yards with no unrecovered coyotes. Only one hit coyote went a considerable distance and required a finishing shot. The dog shot at 250 yards was hit to the rear of the lungs, and the tough canine traveled 200 yards before succumbing.

Currently, there are three major .17-caliber centerfire cartridge offerings: .17 Remington, .17 Remington Fireball, and .17 Hornet. Each comes factory loaded with a decent selection of special-purpose varmint and predator bullets. I’d be remiss in not mentioning a lengthy list of wildcats, such as the .17 Ackley Bee, .17 Ackley Hornet, .17 MACH IV, .17 Javelina, and others.

So let’s set the stage by first looking at the three factory offerings in .17 caliber:

17 Remington

The first modern-day factory-loaded .17 varmint cartridge was the .17 Remington, introduced in 1971. It’s the hottest of the bunch (excluding the wildcats), and its angry little 20-grain Remington Premier AccuTip-V bullet leaves the barrel at 4,250 fps. This cartridge is based on the .223 Remington case (with some dimensional changes) necked-down to accept 0.172-inch-diameter bullets. Like its parent case, the rim diameter is 0.378 inch, and the shoulder angle remains 23 degrees.

.17 Remington Fireball

Remington launched the .17 Fireball, a necked-down version of its .221 Fireball, in 2007. It pushes the 20-grain Remington Premier AccuTip-V bullet out the barrel at 4,000 fps, almost matching the .17 Remington. But it uses significantly less powder than the .17 Remington and therefore produces less heat and fouling, which can be an issue with the high volume varmint hunters shoot. The .17 Remington Fireball was Remington’s factory-produced answer to the popular .17 Mach IV wildcat, which it resembles.

.17 Hornet

The .17 Hornet was originally offered as a wildcat cartridge by P.O. Ackley during the early 1950s, as a necked-down version of the .22 Hornet. Shooting a 20-grain V-max bullet, it produces a muzzle velocity of 3,650 fps and generates 592 ft.-lbs. of energy. Its trajectory is similar to that of a .223 Remington shooting a 55-grain bullet but with the felt recoil of a .22 WMR. As with the Fireball, there is less fouling, barrel wear, powder, and pressure when compared to the .17 Remington.

The Pros

It doesn’t take more than a glance to recognize what these cartridges have in common and what makes them effective for terminating predators, even those as large as northern coyote.Velocity, which, of course, is one of two ways to produce foot-pounds of energy. The other way being bullet mass. With their itty-bitty, frangible bullets, speed is required to produce the energy and terminal performance needed for effective kills—especially when dealing with coyote-sized critters. But the tiny .17 pill does come with some limitations.

First, the good news. There are many good reasons why downsizing to these diminutive cartridges for fur hunting can make sense, especially when pursuing smallish critters such as foxes, bobcats, and raccoons at moderate ranges: reduced recoil, flat trajectory, minimal fur damage, small maneuverable rifles, etc. Of these reasons, the one that left the biggest impression when I hunted with the .17 Fireball in Alberta was its mild recoil, which meant never losing sight of the target. Even when using high-powered optics, I could actually see the bullet hit fur on the coyotes I killed and that means I could often determine where the animal was hit and make quick follow-up shots when necessary. That’s because the .17 Fireball cartridge uses 50 percent less powder than the popular .22-250 Remington and generates 86 percent less recoil.

Next on the list of attributes is flat trajectory. Using the .17 Remington as an example, its 20-grain AccuTip-V bullet leaves the barrel at a blistering 4,250 fps, giving it a trajectory similar to the consummate varmint-getter, the .22-250 Remington, which has a muzzle velocity of 3,800 fps with a 50-grain version of the same bullet. With a 250-yard zero, the .17 Remington drops 2.5 inches at 300 yards and 13.5 inches at 400 yards. Comparatively, the .22-250 Remington with the same 250-yard zero drops 2.7 at 300 yards and 12.2 inches at 400 yards.

The next two characteristics—accuracy and terminal performance—have a lot to do with the bullets typically loaded for these cartridges, such as the aforementioned Remington AccuTip-V, Hornady V-MAX, Nosler FBHP Varmageddon, and others. In varmint calibers, these bullets, albeit small, combine superb flight characteristics and match-grade accuracy with a design optimized for explosive on-game results. Ballistic-tip bullets are death to thin-skinned critters, such as foxes, bobcats, and coyotes. The AccuTip-V performed as expected on those Alberta coyotes: a small entrance hole, explosive expansion, and very few exits. Most of the coyotes were dead before they hit the ground.

Finally, for outback hunts, lightweight, maneuverable rifles are the flavor of the day—for example, Remington’s Model Seven, Ruger’s 77/17, and Savage’s Walking Varminter. The fact that recoil isn’t an issue with the .17s means shedding weight makes sense when covering lots of ground or rugged terrain in pursuit of predators.

The Cons

OK, now for the not-so-good news. There are times when these undersized cartridges might get a fur hunter in trouble, such as when hunting in windy conditions or when hunting larger predators or a mixed bag of predators. The trade-off is that the lighter bullets produce less energy at the muzzle and shed it much quicker than heavier bullets, making them less effective as the yardage to the target increases. The .22-250 Remington produces nearly twice the foot-pounds of energy at the barrel—1,603 vs. 802—as the .17 Remington and 536 vs. 192 ft.-lbs. at 400 yards. That’s why I consider the .17s to be moderate-range cartridges for fur hunting, effective to 200 yards or so but not so much beyond that.

And as mentioned, wind drift is an issue with these lighter bullets when compared to larger calibers and their heavier bullets. Consider a .22-250 Remington pushing a 55-grain ballistic-tip bullet in a 20-mph crosswind. Hunters can expect 7.3 inches of drift at 200 yards and 17.5 inches at 300 yards. Compare that to the .17 Hornet pushing a 20-grain ballistic-tip bullet: 11.4 inches of drift and 200 yards and 28 inches of drift at 300 yards. For that reason, I often opt for larger calibers and heavier bullets if I know I’m going to be experiencing blustery conditions while hunting.

One last thing. Small-bore rifles generally need to be cleaned more frequently to maintain their accuracy.

I’m not ready to retire my .22-250 Remington rifles from active coyote duty, and I still have reservations about the downrange energy and wind-bucking ability of the 17-caliber cartridges on coyote-sized critter past 200 yards. But for light duty on fox-sized critters and coyotes at moderate ranges, these feisty little cartridges hold a secure position in my battery of predator/varmint rifles.

Robert A. Pierce IIFisheries and Wildlife State SpecialistSchool of Natural Resources

Emily FlinnResource ScientistMissouri Department of Conservation

White-tailed deer are susceptible to a variety of diseases, parasites and injuries. Although these conditions do not account for a large percentage of annual statewide deer mortality (typically less than 5 percent), in some situations disease or parasite outbreaks can impact a deer herd locally or regionally.

Infectious diseases of deer can be caused by pathogens that include some viruses, bacteria, parasites and abnormal proteins known as prions. In rare instances, these pathogens are the cause of disease epidemics that result in significant mortality in a local population. These outbreaks are most common in herds with high deer density, which can increase the spread of the disease.

Fortunately, disease and parasite outbreaks seldom impact the quality of venison or make it unsuitable for consumption.

This guide provides an overview of the diseases, parasites and injuries that can affect free-ranging white-tailed deer in Missouri.

Diseases

Viral diseases

Hemorrhagic diseaseHemorrhagic disease is an infectious disease of white-tailed deer, with outbreaks occurring sporadically in Missouri. Hemorrhagic disease (HD) includes both epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue (BTV) viruses. These diseases are very closely related and produce similar symptoms in deer.

Several species within the deer family are susceptible to the HD viruses, including white-tailed, mule and black-tailed deer. Domestic ruminants such as cattle and goats show no signs of illness or only mild signs when infected. In contrast, domestic sheep may develop severe illness when infected with the bluetongue virus.

HD is transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides, thus disease outbreaks tend to occur from August to October, when midges are most abundant. The disease may go unnoticed in the wild because deer carcasses quickly decompose and are consumed by scavengers. Some infected deer may not show obvious symptoms; others may die in one to three days. Typical symptoms include fever; excessive salivation; swollen neck, tongue or eyelids; sloughed or interrupted growth of hooves; reduced activity; and emaciation (significant weight loss). Because sick deer are feverish, they are often found near water (Figure 1). However, in Missouri most deer that contract HD die quickly because they don’t have antibodies to fight the disease like deer in the southeast United States.

In Missouri, the severity and distribution of HD is highly variable. High-density deer herds may exhibit higher mortality rates due to increased contact between individuals, which allows infected midges to transfer from one deer to another. Incidence of the disease has ranged from a few scattered mild cases to dramatic outbreaks. Mortality rates during these outbreaks are usually below 20 percent; however, losses of up to 50 percent have been documented.

Not all infected deer will die from HD. The most common evidence that deer have survived the disease is from the sloughing, or cast and regrowth of hooves. These deer generally remain in good condition, and the hoof sloughing is simply a residual effect of the disease. In some cases, deer develop sores on their tongues, dental pads or insides of their cheeks. Their overall heath and condition will vary from excellent to poor depending on the severity of the secondary infection.

Humans are not at risk by handling or eating venison from an infected deer. Eating the meat of deer that have recovered from the disease poses no health hazard. However, deer may have developed secondary bacterial infections due to HD and thus, may not be suitable for consumption. If you find a dead deer and the cause of death is not apparent, report it to your local conservation agent (http://mdc.mo.gov/contact-us).

Figure 1In Missouri, deer infected with hemorrhagic disease often die quickly and are found near water.

Cutaneous fibromasCutaneous fibromas are wart-like growths caused by a virus that often infects deer through an open wound or insect bite. These growths can cover large portions of the body, but they are usually small, occur in single or multiple growths and range from a fraction of an inch to several inches in diameter. Fibromas are a more common occurrence in bucks because they are more likely to incur wounds while fighting and when rubbing antlers.

Although sometimes grotesque in appearance, fibromas generally do no harm to deer, unless they interfere with a deer’s sight or capability to eat. The virus does not infect other wild or domestic animals, or humans. Fibromas are confined to the skin and, therefore, are removed when the deer is processed for consumption. Thus, they do not affect or impact the quality of the venison.

Although sometimes grotesque in appearance, fibromas generally do no harm to deer, unless they interfere with a deer’s sight or capability to eat. The virus does not infect other wild or domestic animals, or humans. Fibromas are confined to the skin and, therefore, are removed when the deer is processed for consumption. Thus, they do not affect or impact the quality of the venison.

Bacterial diseases

Brain abscessesBrain abscesses are bacterial infections in the skull and brain. In white-tailed deer, brain abscesses most often occur in bucks (90 percent of cases) and are often seasonal, primarily due to the stages of antler development and fighting. During antler drop (casting) or severe fighting with other bucks, infections can develop on the skull near the pedicle, resulting in a brain abscess (Figure 2).

In the southeastern United States, brain abscesses are estimated to account for about 10 percent of natural mortality of mature bucks. Infection symptoms may include poor coordination, circling movements, blindness, lethargy (significant lack of energy) and emaciation.

The meat of a deer with a brain abscess is not suitable for human consumption.

Figure 2Brain abscesses are more commonly found in mature bucks due to intense fighting. In this photo, green pus indicates the infected area of the brain.

Lyme disease Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium (Borrelia burgdorferi) that is spread by certain tick species. The blacklegged tick (deer tick) is the primary species that transmits Lyme disease. Although deer and other wildlife can serve as a host for this tick species, they do not transmit the disease.

The life cycle of infection and the process of disease transmission begins during the spring, when tick eggs hatch into the larvae stage. During the summer, the larvae feed on several host species, including mice, squirrels, raccoons, rabbits and white-tailed deer. In the fall, the larvae mature into the nymph stage. The nymphs hibernate over winter. During the spring and summer, the nymphs are active and prefer to feed on mice, which serve as the reservoir (an immune host) for the disease.

No cases of humans contracting Lyme disease through the handling or consumption of venison have even been documented. Refer to the Ticks section below for precautions to take to minimize your exposure to ticks when handling deer.

Chronic wasting diseaseChronic wasting disease (CWD) belongs to a separate group of diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). TSEs cause brain degeneration in deer, elk and moose. The disease was first detected in a captive mule deer facility in Colorado in 1967 and since has been documented in free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer, elk and moose in several states.

The first deer that tested positive for CWD were found a few miles from a CWD-positive captive-hunting preserve in north-central Missouri in 2012. Since that year, CWD has been slowly spreading to other locations in Missouri and the number of deer testing positive have increased. Each year, the Missouri Department of Conservation tests a sample of the state’s deer population from hunter harvested deer for the disease. CWD testing has two main goals: detect the disease as early as possible in new locations and monitor changes in disease occurrence over time. Focusing testing on adult males increases the likelihood of finding CWD in new areas. Within CWD Management Zone counties (counties within 10-miles of CWD detections), a greater number of samples are collected, due mostly to “mandatory sampling” on opening weekend of fall firearms season. More detailed information on CWD surveillance and locations in the state that require mandatory sampling can be found on the Missouri Department of Conservation website.

The symptoms of CWD-infected deer include a change in the animal’s natural behavior, emaciation, excessive salivation, lethargy, stumbling and tremors. The disease is always fatal to the infected animal, but symptoms can take months or years to appear. Diagnosis can only be confirmed by laboratory examination of brain or lymph node tissue of an animal (Figure 3).

The movement and transportation of captive live animals, hunter-harvested deer or carcasses are the greatest risk factors for the spread of CWD into new areas. Natural movements of free-ranging deer can also contribute to the spread of the disease.

Once the disease is established, CWD spreads through animal-to-animal or soil-to-animal contact. Unfortunately, CWD can persist in the environment for a long time. Activities intended to concentrate deer to a location, such as feeding and placement of minerals or salt, are discouraged because direct and indirect contact at these locations can promote the transmission of the disease.

CWD tends to exhibit a clumped distribution on the landscape centered on the point of introduction. The targeted culling of deer near CWD-positive locations is one management strategy that may help limit the increase of CWD prevalence within a population. Additionally, minimizing the unnatural concentration of deer at feeding and mineral sites can reduce the risk of spreading CWD.

Chronic wasting disease is not seen as a human-health issue. The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have determined there is no evidence CWD can infect people. According to the Missouri Department of Agriculture, there is no evidence that CWD can spread from an infected animal to domestic livestock, such as sheep or cattle. The Missouri Department of Conservation continues to sample deer for CWD. If you observe or harvest a sickly deer, please contact the Missouri Department of Conservation. You can learn more about CWD at http://mdc.mo.gov/CWD.

Figure 3To test for CWD, the retropharyngeal lymph nodes, the obex of the brain or both are collected and sent for testing.

Parasites

Nematodes

Arterial wormsArterial worms live in the arteries of white-tailed deer. Deer contract arterial worms when bitten by infected horseflies. Infections can result in food being impacted under the tongue causing facial swelling, with occasional tooth loss and jawbone degeneration (Figure 4). However, deer infected with a small number of worms will not exhibit symptoms. Arterial worms pose no threat to humans, and the venison of infected deer is safe for consumption.

Figure 4This area on the deer jawbone appears to be infected by an arterial worm.

LungwormsAs their name implies, lungworms infect the lungs. Only deer with severe lungworm infections exhibit symptoms, which include emaciation, respiratory distress (trouble breathing) and lethargy. Lungworm infections commonly occur in fawns in high deer density areas. The presence of this parasite provides additional motivation for maintaining deer population densities below an area’s biological carrying capacity. Lungworms pose no health threat to humans, and the venison of infected deer is safe for consumption.

Arthropods

TicksAbout 18 tick species have been reported to infect white-tailed deer. The three species most commonly found on deer in Missouri are the lone star, blacklegged (deer tick) and American dog ticks (Figure 5).

In most cases, deer infected with ticks do not show any symptoms, and tick infections rarely lead to death. However, deer with severe tick infections may experience irritated skin around the tick site, weight loss and secondary infections. Severe tick infections can also lead to poor body condition.

Ticks can also affect many other wildlife species, domestic livestock and humans. Humans are susceptible to several tickborne diseases, including Lyme disease and ehrlichiosis. When handling and processing infected deer, take these precautions to minimize your exposure to ticks:

• Hang the deer carcass for a day or two to allow the ticks to drop off.
• Wear latex gloves.
• Treat clothing with a tick repellent to decrease your exposure.
• Take a shower and check your body for ticks after being outdoors.

Figure 5The three ticks most commonly found on deer in Missouri are the American dog, blacklegged and lone star ticks.

Mange (Demodectic)Demodectic mange of white-tailed deer is caused by the mange mite. Although most deer will not show symptoms of mange, those that do will exhibit hair loss and skin thickening with small pus-filled lesions. Mange is primarily spread through contact with an infected deer or its environment. However, mange does not cause a herd health issue and is not a concern for humans. Mange infections are limited to the skin, therefore the meat of an infected deer is safe for human consumption.

Nasal botsNasal bot flies (Cephenemyia spp.) are common parasites that infect the nasal passages of deer. They also infect squirrels and rabbits. These parasites are most often found by taxidermists while preparing heads for mounting, although hunters occasionally notice them.

Adult female flies deposit small larvae in the nostrils of deer. The larvae enter the nasal passages and pass through several stages of development and growth. They are liberated from the nostril when the deer sneezes. They then form a pupa and emerge as an adult fly.

Although quite large (up to 11/2 inches long) and unpleasant looking in the final stages of development, nasal bots cause little harm to deer and do not infect humans. They also do not affect the quality of venison.

Injuries

Deer that have suffered injuries are occasionally harvested by hunters. Injuries may result from hunter-inflicted wounds, deer-vehicle accidents or incidents with fences or farm equipment. Many of these injuries heal without complication, but occasionally they cause infections that cause dead tissue and pus in and around the wound. Although localized infections or abscesses caused by an injury do not pose a problem to overall deer health, they can pose a local meat-safety problem. If an abscess is discovered, it must be trimmed out. If it has been accidentally cut or removed and has leaked matter onto the surrounding tissue and meat, that meat is considered contaminated and must trimmed out as well.

Conclusion

Infections resulting from diseases and parasites typically result in only a small percentage of annual deer mortality. However, hunters and landowners should be familiar with the possible symptoms, and hunters that eat venison should be able to identify disease symptoms when field-dressing and processing deer. Contact the Missouri Department of Conservation if you see a deer with an apparent disease or that looks unhealthy.

Additional references

• Campbell, T. A., and K. C. VerCauteren. 2011. “Diseases and parasites” in Biology and management of white-tailed deer, ed. D.G. Hewitt, 219-249. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
• Davidson, W. R., ed. 2006. Field manual of wildlife diseases in the southeastern United States, 3rd ed. Athens, GA: University of Georgia.
• Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study. The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine. https://vet.uga.edu/scwds

Photo creditsEmily Flinn, Missouri Department of Conservation and Jason Sumners.

King crab is a highly sought-after delicacy known for its sweet and succulent meat. However, the price of a whole king crab can vary greatly depending on various factors. In this article, we will delve into the factors determining the worth of a king crab, providing you with a better understanding of its value in the market.

Understanding The Value Of Whole King Crab

The value of a whole king crab goes beyond its taste and culinary appeal. Several factors contribute to its worth in the market. These factors include:

1. Size: The size of the king crab plays a significant role in determining its value. Larger crabs are generally more valuable as they yield more meat, making them desirable among consumers.
2. Quality: The quality of the king crab is another crucial factor. High-quality crabs are characterized by their firm texture, vibrant color, and fresh taste. Crabs that meet these criteria are often priced higher due to their superior taste and overall appeal.
3. Availability: The availability of king crab can also impact its worth. King crab is a seasonal delicacy, and its availability varies yearly. During peak seasons, when the supply is limited and the demand is high, the price of whole king crab tends to be higher.

Factors That Determine King Crab’s Worth

Several factors determine the worth of a whole king crab. These factors include:

1. Fishing Regulations: Fishing regulations and restrictions imposed by governing bodies can affect the supply of king crab. Quotas and fishing seasons can limit the availability of king crab, potentially driving up its price.
2. Sustainability: The sustainability of king crab fishing practices also influences its worth. Sustainable fishing methods ensure the long-term viability of the crab population and help maintain the ecological balance of marine ecosystems. King crab harvested through sustainable practices may be priced higher due to the added value associated with responsible sourcing.
3. Market Demand: Market demand plays a crucial role in determining the worth of a whole king crab. High demand for king crab can drive up its price, especially during special occasions and festive seasons when seafood consumption is at its peak.
4. Geographic Location: The geographic location where king crab is harvested can also affect its worth. Different regions may have varying costs associated with fishing, processing, and transportation, which can impact the product’s final price.

Understanding the factors contributing to a king crab’s worth can help consumers make informed purchasing decisions. It is essential to consider the size, quality, availability, fishing regulations, sustainability, market demand, and geographic origin when evaluating the worth of a king crab in the market.

By taking these factors into account, you can ensure that you are getting the best value for your money when purchasing a whole king crab. So, the next time you indulge in this delectable seafood delight, you’ll better understand what determines its worth.

King Crab Prices

Average King Crab Prices Per Pound

The cost of a whole king crab can vary depending on several factors, such as size, quality, and availability. On average, a whole king crab can range from $25 to $70 per pound. However, it’s important to note that these prices can fluctuate based on location and the vendor you purchase them from. Here is a breakdown of the average prices per pound for king crab:

• In Alaska, where king crab is abundant, you can expect to pay around $25 to $45 per pound, making it one of the more affordable options.
• Norway, known for its high-quality king crab with larger and meatier legs, offers king crab at a higher price range of $40 to $70 per pound.
• Russia, another major player in the king crab market, provides large and flavorful king crab legs with an average price range of $30 to $50 per pound.
• Renowned for its top-notch seafood, Japan offers premium-quality king crab at a higher price point of $70 to $100 per pound.

These prices are just averages and can vary depending on the specific market conditions and individual vendors.

Variation In King Crab Costs

Several factors, including the size, quality, and availability of the catch can influence the variation in king crab costs. Here are a few factors that can contribute to the fluctuation in king crab prices:

1. Location: The price of king crab can vary based on the region where it is caught and sold. Different countries may have different production costs and trade regulations, affecting the overall price.
2. Season: King crab season typically kicks off in October in Alaska. The time of year can impact the availability of king crab and subsequently influence the price. Off-season prices may be higher due to limited supply.
3. Grade and Size: King crab is graded based on the number of legs that create a specific weight. The grading can impact the price, with larger and higher-grade crabs generally commanding a higher price.
4. Sustainability: Sustainable fishing practices can have an impact on the availability and price of king crab. Some fisheries have certifications indicating responsible fishing methods, which can affect the market price.
5. Market Demand: Overall demand for king crab can also affect the price. Changes in consumer preferences and global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in fluctuating demand and subsequent price changes.

It’s important to consider these factors when evaluating the cost of a whole king crab. Prices can vary widely, so it’s advisable to research and compare prices from different vendors to ensure you are getting the best deal.

For more information on king crab pricing and the factors that influence it, you can visit howmuchisit.org or globalseafoods.com.

Factors Affecting King Crab Worth

Several factors that can affect its price influence a whole king crab’s worth. Understanding these factors can help consumers make informed decisions when purchasing king crab. Here are two significant factors that affect the worth of king crab:

Harvesting Quotas And Supply

The quantity of king crab available for harvest and the quotas set by regulatory bodies play a crucial role in determining its worth. The crab population’s health and sustainability are essential considerations, and quotas are adjusted accordingly. If there is a decrease in the population, quotas may be lowered to protect the species and maintain the supply. This can result in higher prices due to reduced availability. On the other hand, if the population is robust and quotas are increased, prices may stabilize or even decrease due to higher supply.

In addition to quotas, external factors such as climate change can also impact the worth of king crab. Warmer waters or environmental changes can affect crab habitats and reproduction, decreasing supply and potentially driving prices up.

Foreign Trade And Market Demand

The global market demand for king crab, especially from countries like Japan, Russia, and the United States, can significantly impact its worth. Trade practices and regulations between countries can also influence prices. For example, if a country with a large king crab supply, such as Russia, has fewer regulations or sustainability practices compared to other countries, they may be able to sell their king crab at a lower price. This can create price disparities between different sources of king crab.

Foreign trade relationships and policies can also affect the worth of king crab. Trade disputes, tariffs, or changes in market conditions can result in fluctuations in prices. The demand for king crab in various countries can also change over time, reflecting shifts in consumer preferences and economic factors.

It is important to note that while king crab can be a luxury ingredient with a higher price tag, its taste and quality are highly regarded by seafood enthusiasts. Each factor influencing king crab’s worth contributes to this delicacy’s unique market dynamics.

You can refer to reliable seafood industry sources and market reports for more information on king crab and its worth.

King Crab Market Trends

Historical Changes In King Crab Prices

The price of king crab can vary significantly over time due to various factors such as supply and demand, fishing regulations, and market conditions. Here are some key historical trends in king crab prices:

• In recent years, the price of king crab has generally been on an upward trend. This can be attributed to increased demand, limited supply, and rising production costs.
• In Alaska, one of the main sources of king crab, the price has seen fluctuations over the years. The average price ranges from $25 to $45 per pound. However, it’s important to note that prices can vary depending on the catch’s size, quality, and availability.
• Norway, another major producer of king crab, is known for its premium quality crab. The average price in Norway can range from $40 to $70 per pound, making it one of the more expensive options on the market.
• Russia, a significant player in the king crab market, offers a mid-range price option. On average, the price in Russia can range from $30 to $50 per pound.
• Renowned for its high-quality seafood, Japan offers king crab at a premium price. The average price in Japan can range from $70 to $100 per pound, making it one of the most expensive options in the world.

Current Market Situation

As of now, the global king crab market is experiencing stability in terms of supply and demand. Here are some key insights into the current market situation:

• The price of king crab may vary depending on the country of origin, size, and quality of the crab.
• The retail price range for king crab in the United States is between $13 and $24 per kilogram or between $5.9 and $10.88 per pound.
• The market price for king crab in different countries can be influenced by factors such as transportation costs, import/export regulations, and local demand.
• It’s important to consider factors such as freshness, sustainability, and personal budget when purchasing king crab.
• King crab remains a coveted delicacy for seafood lovers around the world, and many consider it worth the price due to its delicious taste and impressive size.

To stay up to date with the latest market trends and prices for king crab, it is recommended to consult reputable seafood markets and specialty stores, both online and offline.

Source: King Crab Price Around the World: How Does it Compare?

King Crab Worth Calculation

Methods For Estimating King Crab’s Value

Calculating the worth of a king crab involves considering various factors contributing to its cost. Here are some methods used to estimate the value of a king crab:

1. Weight: One of the primary factors determining the worth of a whole king crab is its weight. The heavier the crab, the higher its price tends to be.

2. Size and Grades: King crabs are classified into different sizes and grades based on their quality and characteristics. The larger and higher-grade crabs are generally more expensive.

3. Market Demand: The demand for king crab, whether in domestic or international markets, significantly affects its value. Higher demand often leads to higher prices.

4. Seasonal Availability: King crab fishing is regulated by seasons, and the availability of king crab can fluctuate throughout the year. When supply is limited during certain seasons, prices tend to be higher.

5. Geographic Location: The location from which the king crab is sourced can also affect its worth. Different regions have their own market dynamics and costs associated with harvesting and transportation.

Comparison Of Whole King Crab Costs

The cost of a whole king crab can vary depending on several factors, including size, grade, and market conditions. Here is a comparison of the approximate costs for different varieties of whole king crab:

1. Alaskan Red King Crab:

• Average weight: 6-10 pounds
• Price range: $40-$50 per pound
• Availability: The most common variety of king crab

2. Alaskan Golden King Crab:

• Average weight: 3-6 pounds
• Price range: $50-$60 per pound
• Availability: Smaller in size compared to red king crab

3. Alaskan Blue King Crab:

• Average weight: 3-5 pounds
• Price range: $70-$80 per pound
• Availability: Less common and known for its distinct blue coloring

It’s important to note that these prices are approximate and can vary depending on market conditions, location, and other factors. Additionally, prices may be subject to change and can be higher during peak seasons or for larger-sized crabs.

When purchasing a whole king crab, it’s advisable to buy from reputable seafood suppliers who ensure quality and freshness. This guarantees that you are getting a fair value for your purchase.

Understanding the worth of a whole king crab can help you make informed decisions when buying and also give you a greater appreciation for the factors that contribute to its cost. So, whether you’re planning a special seafood feast or looking to indulge in a gourmet dining experience, knowing the value of a whole king crab can guide your choices.

FAQ: How Much Is a Whole King Crab Worth?

Q: How much does a whole king crab cost? A: The cost of a whole king crab can vary depending on several factors, such as size, location, and availability. On average, I plan on spending anywhere from $250 to $400 for a whole king crab.

Q: What is the average weight of a whole king crab? A: The average weight of a whole king crab is around 5 pounds.

Q: Where can I purchase a whole king crab? A: Whole king crabs can be purchased from various sources such as seafood markets, grocery stores, and online seafood suppliers. Some popular options include Costco, Sam’s Club, and reputable seafood websites.

Q: Do the prices of whole king crabs vary in different regions? A: Yes, the prices of whole king crabs can vary depending on your location. Factors such as shipping costs and availability can influence the price in different regions.

Q: How do I cook a whole king crab? A: Whole king crabs can be cooked by boiling, steaming, baking, or grilling. The cooking method and time may vary, so it’s recommended to follow a trusted recipe or seek advice from a seafood expert for the best results.

Q: Is buying a whole king crab more cost-effective than individual legs? A: Buying a whole king crab can be more cost-effective compared to purchasing individual legs, especially if you plan to consume a larger quantity or serve a larger group of people. However, it ultimately depends on your specific needs and preferences.

Q: Are there any alternatives to whole king crab that offer a similar taste? A: Yes, alternative crab options such as snow crab or Dungeness crab offer a similar taste and can be more affordable than whole king crab. These alternatives are also popular among seafood enthusiasts.

Q: Can I purchase a whole king crab online? A: Yes, whole king crabs are available for purchase online from reputable seafood suppliers. However, it’s important to be cautious of the source and ensure that you are buying from a trusted seller to guarantee quality and freshness.

Q: Are there any additional costs associated with purchasing a whole king crab online? A: Additional costs such as shipping fees and minimum order requirements may exist when purchasing a whole king crab online. It’s important to review the terms and conditions of the online retailer before making a purchase.

Q: Is a whole king crab worth the price? A: The worthiness of a whole king crab is a subjective matter. Whole king crabs are known for their large size, meaty legs, and delicious flavor. If you are a seafood enthusiast with a discerning palate and can afford the splurge, a whole king crab can be a delectable treat. However, alternative crab choices are available if you are on a budget or looking for more affordable options. Ultimately, the decision of whether a whole king crab is worth it or not depends on your personal preferences, budget, and occasion.

Conclusion

After considering the various factors determining the worth of a king crab, it is evident that the price can vary significantly depending on factors such as size, quality, availability, and location. Here is a summary of the key takeaways:

• The standard price per pound for king crab ranges from $60 to $70, but this can vary based on market conditions and other factors.
• Alaska is known for its abundant king crab population and offers relatively affordable options compared to other countries, with prices ranging from $25 to $45 per pound.
• Norway is known for its superior quality king crab, but it comes at a higher price range of $40 to $70 per pound.
• Russia offers a mid-range option with prices ranging from $30 to $50 per pound, and it is known for its large and flavorful king crab.
• Japan offers premium quality king crab, but it is the most expensive option, with prices ranging from $70 to $100 per pound.

When determining the worth of a whole king crab, it is essential to consider the following key considerations:

• Budget: King crab can be a luxurious and expensive option, so it is important to consider your budget and whether it aligns with the desired purchase.
• Occasion: King crab is often indulged in for special occasions and gourmet dining experiences, which may make it worth the price for those seeking a unique and memorable culinary experience.
• Personal Preferences: King crab offers a distinct taste, texture, and size, which some seafood enthusiasts find worth the splurge. However, other types of crab, such as snow crab or Dungeness crab, offer a similar experience at a lower cost.

In conclusion, the worth of a whole king crab is subjective and depends on individual preferences, budget, and occasion. It is a luxury ingredient that offers exceptional taste and quality but comes with a higher price tag. Consider your personal factors and make an informed decision when purchasing a whole king crab.

For more information on king crab and its market prices, refer to reputable seafood suppliers and resources.

Having a proper fishing reel for a specific fishing situation can make your fishing experience a whole lot better.

There is a lot of models available on the market, and choosing the right one can be a nightmare, especially for a bit less experienced angler.

Complete fishing beginners usually start their fishing adventures with spinning reels, but at some point, you may want to upgrade a bit, and learn how to use a baitcasting reel.

I wouldn’t recommend you to do so if you have no previous fishing experience, however, if you feel like you can manage, don’t let anyone stop you.

I tested a lot of baitcasting reels and decided to write this guide, to help you narrow down your choices, and choose the best baitcasting reel for beginners.

Also, I will tell you basic info about what to consider when buying a baitcasting reel and answer some common questions, in the following chapters:

9 Best Baitcasting Reels for Beginners

Now when you know what to look for when choosing the best baitcasting reels for beginners, I will make a list of the reels, including basic info about them, and all the pros and cons I have notice when I used them.

All of these have good anti backlashes properties, and will give you a lot of control over the lure and casting.

When you figure out how to use them, you are going to see how much better these are, when compared with spinning reels, when used in the same situations.

Before you move onto the more detailed descriptions, here is a quick overview chart …

#1: KastKing Royale Legend II (GT)

So, the first reel on the best baitcasting reels for beginners list is KastKing Royale Legend II (GT).

First of all, if you are buying on a budget, this reel comes at a great price. Of course, it is not as durable as some more expensive models, but it still has some great features.

Dual, magnetic and centrifugal, braking system controls the backlashes well, and while you are still in a learning process, you won’t have to untangle a huge mess.

The newer model has a greater line capacity, and the reel is quite fast. Anodized aluminum spool and a low-profile design are well made. The reel is strong and performs well, however, I don’t think it will last as long as some other reels.

The reel has 5+1 bearings that ensure smooth operation. Of course, at this price, their quality is not the same as in high-end reels, but it still works very well.

Maximum drag is 8kg/17.6 lbs.

Overall, this is a great and well-made beginner’s baitcasting reel.

#2: PisciFun Torrent

Another great option for beginners is PisciFun Torrent.

It is available in two options. Faster one, with 7.1:1 gear ratio, and slower one, with 5.3:1 gear ratio. Both are very well made.

Drag system is very dependable and the max drag is 8.1kg/18lbs, which is more than enough. The reel is made mostly from aluminum, including the handle, with carbon fiber drag washers, and it has brass drive gear.

There is a useful feature for maintenance on this reel. There is an opening on a side plate that is used for lubricating the reel.

Both options have 5+1 bearings and are really smooth. Line retrieve varies of course, and for the slower model it is 58cm/22.8 inches, while on the faster one it is 76cm/30 inches.

This low-profile baitcasting reel comes at a great price too, costing only a few dollars more than the previously mentioned reel.

Magnetic braking system operates well, although there is a slightly greater chance of backlashes here, than in the previous one. However, there is a 0-10 setting, which is very useful. It is also slightly heavier, and it weighs 0,22kg/8 ounces.

Altogether, it is a very good choice for a beginner.

#3: Abu Garcia Black Max

Abu Garcia is a classic when it comes to baitcasting reels.

I have included two on this list of the best baitcasting reels for beginners. The first one is Abu Garcia Black Max model

This low-profile reel comes with a 6.4:1 gear ratio with 66cm/26inches inches per turn, which positions it in the middle. This is great for beginners, as it can be used in various situations.

Magnetic braking system operates well, and backlashes are not a problem, if you get the settings right. It has 4+1 bearings, and those are very well made. The reel feels very smooth.

Maximum drag is 8.1kg/18lb.

Graphite frame and sideplates make it quite light. The reel weights 0.206kg/7.3 oz, which makes it just slightly harder than the first model on the list, hoverer the difference is small enough not to feel it.

Spool is made from aluminum. Price of this reel is in the same range as the previously mentioned models.

This reel really feels well. Due to the materials used in construction I don’t think it will last as some high-end models, of course, but for a beginner, it is an excellent reel to start. This reel is also a good back-up reel option.

#4: Abu Garcia Silver Max

Baitcasting Reel Abu Garcia Silver Max is another reel made by Abu Garcia (reputable manufacturer). At first sight, this reel has some similar features as the Bmax 3 model.

Gear ratio is the same, 6.4:1, and the main material is graphite, while the spool is aluminum. Breaking system is also magnetic, and operates quite well.

This reel comes with a “rocket clutch” feature, that gives the angler an opportunity to single handedly disengage or engage the spool.

It also has 5+1 bearings, which is one ball bearing more than the Bmax 3. Max drag is 8.1kg/18lb, and line retrieve is 66cm/26inches per turn.

Weight of this reel is 7.4oz, which is unnoticeably higher than the previous.

So, these two may seem the same, so what is the difference?

Well, the difference is that Smax has a rocket clutch which is a great feature for those who flip and pitch often.

For compete beginners, this feature will not be so important, so they can go with the previous model.

#5: KastKing Spartacus I & II

Spartacus is another great KastKing model. This reel exists in 2 versions, where II is a bit more advanced.

Spartacus II is among the faster reels on this list.

It has 7.1:1 gear ratio with 71cm/28 inches per turn. The 7+1 bearings ensure smooth operation. Version I has 11+1 ball bearings.

It is also very light, and weights only0.17kg/ 6oz. This is excellent for loner use and it doesn’t put a lot of pressure on your wrist.

Maximum drag is similar to other reels, and it is 8kg/17.6lbs.

Both Spartacus I and II are low profile, but the II version has it 10% lower.

Magnetic brakes go from 1 to 5 and work really well.

Spool and handle are made from aluminum, which makes them quite sturdy. Unfortunately, it has a few plastic parts too, and the main material is reinforced nylon, which I personally do not like, especially when you combine them with a relatively good spool.

I don’t think it can last very long, however; it comes at a great price. Don’t get me wrong, this is an excellent beginner option.

Spartacus I is also slower, with a gear ratio 6.4:1, with 66cm/26inches per turn if you need a slower reel. Maximum drag is the same, but this one is a bit heavier, and weights 0.2 kg/7.4oz. It also has dual braking system.

#6: KastKing MegaJaws

The first thing that amazed me on this reel is a casting distance. For a baitcaser in this price range, casting abilities are excellent. Line guide is funnel shaped and has very low friction.

It comes in a few different variations, so that you can choose among various gear ratios. Slowest one is 5.4:1, while the fastest is 9.1:1. This range cover almost all fishing techniques. These reels come with a cool feature, and that is different color for every reel speed.

Carbon fiber drag is incredibly smooth, as well as the whole reel, due to 11+1 stainless steel ball bearings. Ball bearings are double shielded to prevent damage and corrosion.

The 17.6 lbs. of drag is more than enough for beginner anglers.

Reel maintenance is also well made and simplified. There are easily accessible reel parts for lubrication.

Magnetic brake system works very well and prevents backlashes. Tension knob is adjusted by simple clicks and offers an outstanding level of control. The reel is lightweight, and it is easy to use it all day long.

It seems quite sturdy and dependable even for rough use.

#7: Shimano SLX

Shimano SLX looks absolutely excellent at first sight, and it really is. It is a bit more expensive than some cheaper models on this list, but it is worth it.

HAGANE body is used, and that is one of the best innovations from Shimano. Brass gears give smoothness and enable excellent cranking power.

This low-profile reel is very compact but despite its lightweight and small size it has incredible line capacity. SLX 150 can hold 150yards of 20 lbs. braided line.

It is available in three different gear ratios, and those are 6.3:1, 7.2:1, and 8.2:1. First two are very versatile and excellent for beginners who are still learning how to handle a baitcaster.

All models have 3+1 ball bearings but those are so well made that they are more than enough to deliver excellent smoothness.

Drag is smooth and dependable, going from 11 to 12 lbs., depending on a specific model.

Casting, reeling in, and handling the reel in general works without any flaws. You can easily cast very light lures without backlashes which is extremely important for beginners.

And one important info, lube this reel before first use.

#8: KastKing Crixus

When you look at this reel it looks similar to Shimano SLX, at least when it comes to color.

Brass pinion gears, as well as the main gear, ensure longevity and you can rest assured that the reel will last for a long time.

It is available in two gear ratios, 6.5:1 and 7.2:1, which is good enough for any beginner. Carbon infused nylon frame was used to reduce weight, and although you may think that plastic components are bad, the truth is, this one is quite good. As a beginner, you don’t need high-end reels for learning purposes.

It has 7+1 ball bearings made of stainless steel and performs very smooth. Aluminum handle and polymer grips work excellent even if the reel is wet, so you will not have slippery handles and problems while reeling in.

Drag is made with 4 carbon discs, and it delivers 17.6 lbs. of drag. Magnetic breaking can be easily adjusted and has 10 different levels of breaking.

This reel comes at an excellent price, and considering all the features, it is one of the best on the market if you are looking for your first baitcaster.

#9: KastKing Rover

And the last among the best baitcasting reels for beginners is another KastKing model, the Rover.

First of all, this reel is available in various versions, from 40 to 80.

Versions 40, 50, and 60 have a gear ratio 5.3:1, version 70 has 4.2:1 and versions 80 and 80 have 3.6:1, which is very slow, but for some users this may be necessary.

Max drags go from 6.8kg/15lbs for smaller models up to 13.6kg/30lbs for larger ones.

Aluminum sideplates and brass gears make it really sturdy. Components are very well made for a reel in this lower price range, and I think that this one can last a long time.

This is a round reel, unlike the rest of those on this list. Smaller sizes have 6+1 ball bearings, while larger ones have 4+1.

These reels are quite powerful, and the drag performs great. Braking system is centrifugal, and it can take a while for a beginner to get used to it, however, when you master it, this reel will fulfill all of your needs.

Due to increased side plates, these reels are a bit heavier than the previous models, however, this is something to expect from a more powerful reel. The smallest one weights 0.32kg/11.6oz, and the largest one weights 0.64kg/22.6oz.

Those who are in a search for a larger and more powerful reel, should consider this option. However, it would be great if you had at least some experience with smaller low-profile models first.

Most Common FAQs about Baitcasting Reels:

Beginners have a lot of questions, and that is understandable. It is better to be well informed before buying a certain product.

Here I am going to answer some of those questions. Some things have already been mentioned, but I will sum it up here, in case you missed it.

What Should I Look for When Buying Baitcasting Reel?

The first thing I always mention when someone is asking about any kind of reel is to buy equipment made by reputable manufacturers.

By doing so, you know exactly what you are getting, even if you buy their low-end product.

You should also know what kind of fish do you want to catch and what lures and baits you will use, and based on that, consider the following features:

Rounded vs. Low profile

Low profile baitcasting reels are more popular, and many beginners choose this type.

It is mostly used for fish species like bass. It is easier to palm and gives you more control when you are casting.

Rounded baitcasting reels can hold more line and they are a common choice of anglers who use heavier lines. These go well with larger baits, but are harder to control.

Material

This is a bit complicated subject, and I will try to explain it in simple words.

You can choose between aluminum and graphite, and depending on it, the price can vary.

As a beginner, you may want to start with the cheaper ones, because the first baitcaster you buy will be used for practice and learning.

Aluminum is sturdier, and can handle rough use. A lot of anglers go for this option. Graphite is lighter but prone to damage. It is also cheaper.

When it comes to spool, they are mostly made from aluminum, however, high-end models use forged aluminum. Spools are frequently drilled to reduce weight.

Line guide can be ceramic, aluminum or titanium. The first ones are the cheapest, while titanium is the most expensive. Quality of course, follows the price.

Gear ratio

When choosing the best gear ratio, think about lures and fishing techniques.

Those using spinnerbaits should go for 7.1:1. Slower presentation usually done with crankbaits requires gear ratio around 5.4:1, which is on a slower side.

Medium option is 6.4:1, and that can be used in numerous situations.

Ball bearings

Quality comes before quantity.

Smaller number of well-made ball bearings is much better than a larger number of poorly done. Of course, if quality is the same, then you should go for a higher number.

Braking system

Backlashes are the biggest problem of baitcasting reels, and that is the reason why beginners avoid using them.

However, the technology is developing, and modern baitcasting reels are constructed in a way to reduce that.

Breaking system is there to slow down the spool while casting. Otherwise, the lure would slow down and the spool would keep turning.

There are different types of braking systems.

Magnetic ones use magnets to slow down the spool. You can make adjustments yourself.

Centrifugal ones use friction. To adjust it, use the pins by pushing them outwards.

Some reels even have two types of braking system. Magnetic one is great for beginners because it does not rely so much on an angler to operate.

Are Baitcasting Reels Good for Beginners?

Well, this depends. Anglers usually start with spincasting or spinning reels, to gain experience, learn different fishing techniques and learn how to handle the equipment.

Of course, at some point, you will “upgrade” to baitcasting reels. Even if you had a lot of experience before, you will still be a beginner when it comes to baitcasting reels.

However, if you know a lot about fishing, you will have just one task, and that is to practice with the reel.

If you have no fishing experience, learning about all the aspects of fishing, together with a baitcasting reel, may not be the best ide, because it is a bit too much. You will be frustrated and ruin the experience. However, if you are willing to take this step, don’t let my opinion stop you, although, I do not recommend it.

What’s the Best Gear Ratio for Baitcasting Reels?

All of the gear ratios have their advantages and disadvantages.

However, very fast and slow reels are made to be used in specific situations.

As a beginner, you should go for a medium speed, around 6.4:1.

Those reels can be used for both slower and faster presentations if you slightly adjust your technique, and can be used in numerous situations.

As a beginner, you should go for a medium option, to explore all the possibilities. Later on, you can always buy slower and faster ones, to use them when necessary.

What Lures Should I Use With Baitcasting Reels?

What lures to use depends on a reel gear ratio, fish species you are trying to catch, reel size and other factors, like your fishing rod too. However, I will give you a brief explanation.

You can use a variety of lures, including swimbaits, cranks, bigger worms, a bit larger jigs, crankbaits and many topwater lures too.

The problem is that if you are using very light lures, you may have some troubles with casting as a beginner. These reels are made to be used with heavier fishing lines and lures too.

For some presentations you will need slower reels, like when using crankbaits. Faster reels work great with jigs.

Medium gear ration enables you to use the majority of lures.

What Type of Rod Should I Use With a Baitcasting Reel?

You can’t combine just any rod with a baitcasting reel. Spinning rods are not an option.

Pair your baitcasting reel with a casting rod.

It has a reel seat made for a baitcaster, above the rod. Line guides are also on the upper side, and when fighting a fish, when the rod bends, force is applied down on the guides. If it was the other way around, like on spinning rods, large and powerful fish could break off the guides.

These rods have sturdier guides, and are made in a way to withstand larger fish, heavier lines and rough use.

For What Fish are Baitcasting Reels Used For?

Baitcasting reels are usually used for heavier and powerful fish species. Of course, you can use smaller models for smaller fish, but handling these reels and rods with light lures and lines is complicated. If you are fishing for species like panfish, use a spinning reel instead.

Baitcasters are mostly used for large catfish, large bass, muskies, Northern pike, salmon, and similar species.

Which Brand is Best in Baitcasting Reels?

As I already mentioned, and as I always say when it comes to any kind of fishing gear, buy from reputable manufacturers.

The rest is up to you and your personal needs. You may prefer one brand over another; however, all of these mentioned are known for their quality product.

Of course, how good a reel will be, depends on a price too. You can’t expect that an entry level, $40 reel, will last as long as a high-end, couple of hundred-dollar worth reel.

I think that many anglers, including me, would agree that Abu Garcia and KastKing makes really great baitcasting reels.

What are the Other Benefits of Baitcasting Reels?

Besides being able to handle large and powerful fish, baitcasters are extremely precise.

When you learn how to use them, you can cast very accurate, due to better control of the line.

You can also control how the lure falls into the water, so that you do not make a big splash and scare off the fish.

You have a better feeling of the line too, and can detect bites more easily. It also offers cranking power needed for lures with high drag.

And of course, casting of heavier lines and rules can be done much better with a baitcaster.

Conclusion

When choosing the best baitcasting reel for beginners, you should be aware of the fact that …

… it will take some time to learn how to use it, and you should choose models from a lower price range, with medium gear ratio, to gain some experience.

All of the reels mentioned here are quite good, and you will not go wrong with them.

Also, keep in mind that low-profile models are easier to use, and although backlashes will happen, it won’t be as bad as it could be with a round baitcaster.

Dual braking system is also a good feature, and you should consider all of this, and the features mentioned in the article, to choose the best reel for your needs.

History: M4 vs M14s

The most significant performance difference between 5.56 NATO and .308 Win.—or its 7.62 NATO twin—was on full display during ground operations in the global war on terrorism. M4s chambered in 5.56 NATO performed admirably during the close quarters combat common in Iraq, but effectiveness diminished when Afghanistan’s mountains extended engagement distance.

The M4’s shorter barrel is nimble in buildings, but it’s not designed for long-range precision. It also compromises the projectile’s initial velocity, because not all powder may burn completely before it leaves the gun. That can result in increased drop during travel and additional time for wind to push it off course. Bullets delivered from those house-clearing carbines also don’t carry a lot of energy after lengthy travel.

Insurgents, on the other hand, were behind heavier calibers, many of them capable of slicing through breezes and carrying authoritative punch upon arrival. The U.S. military’s Semi-Automatic Sniper System, basically a fully outfitted AR-10 chambered in 7.62 NATO, proved an effective response, but they were not available in sufficient numbers.

The solution had been collecting dust in armories since the Vietnam War. It was a stockpile of M14s whose short stint as the official service rifle ended in 1964 when it was (ironically) replaced by M16. That 7.62 NATO chambering called it back to duty, and M14s retrofitted with optics, rails and bipods in the hands of our troops responded to terrorist attacks at distances far beyond the effective range of M4s.

The 7.62 NATO (twin of the .308 Win.) is the clear winner of the two in the distance race. The 5.56 NATO, however, leads the way in those shorter sprints to the finish line.

7.62×51 NATO vs .308 (Are they the Same?)

Visually these cartridges are identical twins—assuming they’re dressed with the same bullet—but like any siblings, there are subtle differences. The .308 Win. can handle chamber pressure up to 62,000 psi, while 7.62 NATO (or 7.62×51 mm) ammo comes in at 50,000 psi. That means an AR-10 chambered for .308 Win. eagerly and safely digests 7.62 NATO. The reverse, however, is not true. The scarcity of catastrophic failures caused by the improper combination is a clear indication of the uncompromising focus on safety firearm and ammo companies maintain.

Precisely how we arrived at two different names is a story that begins in 1952, when Winchester Ammunition introduced the .308 Win. cartridge. The U.S. military, in the meantime had been experimenting with a replacement for the .30-06 Sprg. cartridge that got us through World War II and Korea. In 1954 the U.S. Army rolled out a 7.62×51 mm cartridge, the identical twin. Some claim Winchester worked with the government on the design but launched early under the company name for marketing reasons. Others, of a more conspiratorial nature, claim someone in the company gained access to the military’s specifications.

Either way, another name was about to enter the picture. The communist menace was growing at the time, and members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were eager to standardize ammunition between allied nations to alleviate logistics problems. In 1957, a version of the 7.62×51 mm with pressure reduced to reliably run military machineguns and semi-automatics, was accepted and standardized under the label 7.62 NATO.

While AR-10s in .308 Win. can run 7.62 NATO, it’s dangerous for .223 Rem.-chambered AR-15s to run 5.56 NATO cartridges. They are visually similar, but the military version generates higher pressure. An AR-15 chambered for the NATO cartridge, however, can safely run .223 Rem., although some loss in accuracy is possible. [See our article about AR10 Calibers for more information on other calibers for AR10 uppers and AR-10 rifles.]

Ballistics at Distance

Stopping Power

The amount of energy .308 Win. delivers downrange is staggering compared to that of the 5.56 NATO. It’s a huge concern for anyone who hunts big game, and illustrates one of the reasons the U.S. military pulled M14s out of mothballs.

Federal’s American Eagle line—staying with a single manufacturer to avoid the varying barrel lengths different brands sometimes use in testing—demonstrates the difference. Its 55-grain 5.56 NATO load generates 1,223 ft.-lbs. of energy at the muzzle, but the figure drops to a paltry 277 at 500 yards. Conversely, the company’s .308 Win. load with 150-grain bullet launches with 2,648 ft.-lbs. and at 500 yards still delivers 1,089 on target. That’s almost four times the stopping power at five football field lengths.

Wind Drift

Federal’s testing also demonstrates the difference in cartridges when it comes to wind drift. The results are reported for a 10-mph breeze, at full value—perpendicular to the bullet’s direction of flight—and again give the nod to .308 Win. The 5.56 NATO cartridge is off target by 38.1 inches at 500 yards. The .308 Win., however, moves 23.3. That’s more than a foot.

Bullet Drop

The 5.56 NATO load wins when it comes to drop,offering a flatter trajectory than it’s big brother 308 Winchester.With a 200-yard zero, it drops 38.1 inches at 500 yards. The .308 Win. figure is 47.2, or 9.1 inches lower.

Bullet drop, however, is relatively predictable, thanks to the fact that acceleration due to gravity remains 32 feet per second/per second, whether in gale-force winds or 10 mph breezes. Bullet drop compensating reticles harness that fact by providing the correct holdover for that rifle and cartridge at a known distance. You can also dial a rifle’s turret the correct number of clicks to adjust, which is the preferred military solution after lots of practice and copious note taking. For that reason, most precision marksmanship courses recommend, often, “dial for elevation, hold for wind.”

Of course, doping the wind at both the shooting position and target, while gauging crosswinds across 500 yards, is an art that takes years of practice. Reducing potential error by a foot is a huge advantage for .308 Win., along with the added energy delivered on target.

The numbers might make an AR-10 chambered in .308 Win. seem like the clear choice, but there are reasons many enthusiasts find the 5.56 NATO a better one.

Recoil

Recoil is likely the most over-discussed firearm subject that exists. Calculating the precise amount generated when a cartridge is touched off is easy, but how much of it reaches the shooter and is felt—perceived recoil—defies a simple equation.

Bear in mind, both cartridges are tame on the shoulder. The muzzle energy generated by the .308 Win. cartridge above, however, is nearly double that of the 5.56 NATO, resulting in a significant increase in raw recoil. That translates to increased muzzle rise with each shot, lengthening the time it takes to get back on target if a follow-up shot is required.

That fact gives an AR-15 chambered in 5.56 NATO a big advantage if it’s serving as a home-defense gun or pursues speedy predators. That’s one of the reasons the U.S. military has stuck with a cartridge that’s performed so well in Iraq’s urban engagements.

The cycling of a semi-automatic firearm drains some of that recoil compared to a bolt gun, however, long before it ever reaches the shooter. So does every ounce of the gun’s weight, along with accessories and scope. Add a recoil pad and perhaps even a muzzle brake and that .308 Win. recoil is almost as pleasant to shoot at a 5.56 NATO, but it won’t be nearly as nimble in that configuration. [See our complete comparison of AR10 vs AR15 rifles.]

Hunting & Bullet Choices

In many areas of the country pursuit of big game is not legal with a 5.56 NATO-chambered rifle. It is, however, allowed nearly everywhere with a .308 Win.

The smaller cartridge just doesn’t retain the kind of energy downrange for most hunters to deliver ethical one-shot stops. Even in practiced hands, the selection of bullets available today is limited, and most often available in match, full metal jacket or predator-hunting designs. There are some controlled expansion bullets available, but .308 Win. gets the nod here, thanks to an inventory of projectile choices that overwhelms those available for 5.56.

Ammo

Bargain-basement prices for 5.56 NATO and .223 Rem. may not have survived the pandemic’s ammunition shortage, but they’re still inexpensive compared to other centerfire rifle cartridges. It’s hard to find a sporting goods store or FFL that doesn’t have a few boxes on the shelf, cases in back or pallet staged by the cash register. If high-volume practices are on the schedule, it’s the best choice.

That’s not the case with .308 Win. or 7.62 NATO. These cartridges are more expensive, although it’s hard to beat the performance downrange, along with the its long history of winning matches and bagging big game.

[308 ammunition can often be up to twice as expensive as 5.56 or 223 ammo, but offers a huge variety of grain weights for hunting and long range shooting. See our infographic comparing 2022 ammo prices by caliber.]

Which is Better?

[As Eric Shattuck said in his article about AR-10s vs AR-15s, “Ultimately, the choice between an AR-10 (.308) and an AR-15 (5.56/223) comes down to what you need out of your rifle.” We couldn’t agree more! If you’re looking for a rifle to do competitive target shooting, long range shooting, or medium to large game hunting, then 308Winchester is the way to go. However, if you simply want a low cost, versatile self-defense or plinking gun, 5.56 NATO/223 Remington will be the better option.

We would like to extend a huge thank you to Guy Saji for his work on this article comparing 308 Winchester and 5.56 NATO/223 Remington. Leave a comment below about your favorite AR-platform caliber and read about 6.5 Creedmoor vs 308 next!]

As a gun enthusiast, you might find yourself constantly looking for ways to improve the performance of your favorite firearm. Whether it’s accuracy, speed, or reliability, there are several ways to make your gun more efficient. In this article, we will discuss a few ways to improve the performance of your favorite gun.

Upgrade Your Gun’s Barrel

One of the most important components of a firearm is the barrel. It’s the part of the gun that the bullet travels through, and it’s responsible for accuracy and range. Upgrading your gun’s barrel can significantly improve its performance. There are several types of barrels on the market, such as stainless steel, carbon fiber, and chrome-lined. Stainless steel barrels are a popular choice because they are corrosion-resistant and durable. Carbon fiber barrels are lightweight and offer excellent accuracy, while chrome-lined barrels are known for their longevity. Whichever type of barrel you choose, make sure to do your research and find one that is compatible with your firearm.

In addition to upgrading your barrel, you can also consider adding a muzzle brake or compensator to your gun. These devices help reduce recoil, allowing you to shoot more accurately and quickly. A muzzle brake works by redirecting the gases that are expelled when you fire your gun, while a compensator reduces the amount of upward force that the gun produces.

Clean Your Gun Regularly

Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential to the longevity and performance of your firearm. A dirty gun can cause malfunctions, misfires, and accuracy issues. It’s important to clean your gun after every use and to inspect it regularly for any signs of wear and tear.

When cleaning your gun, make sure to use the right tools and materials. Use a cleaning solvent to remove any dirt, debris, or residue from the barrel and other parts of the gun. Use a bore brush to scrub the inside of the barrel, and use a cleaning rod to push a patch through the barrel to remove any remaining debris. Finish by lubricating the gun with oil or grease to prevent rust and wear.

Upgrade Your Gun’s Trigger

The trigger is the part of the gun that you pull to fire the bullet. A good trigger can significantly improve the accuracy and speed of your firearm. There are several types of triggers on the market, such as single-stage, two-stage, and adjustable. Single-stage triggers are the most common type and are found on most firearms. They have a consistent pull weight and break when you reach the end of the trigger’s travel. Two-stage triggers have a longer travel and a lighter first stage, followed by a heavier second stage. Adjustable triggers allow you to customize the pull weight and travel to your liking.

Consider Upgrading Your Gun’s Chassis

Another component to consider when upgrading your firearm is the chassis. The chassis is the frame that holds the gun’s action and components, such as the trigger and magazine. Upgrading your gun’s chassis can improve its accuracy, stability, and durability. One popular option is an XLR chassis, a modular chassis system, which allows you to customize your gun’s components and accessories to your liking. These systems are often made from lightweight materials, such as aluminum or carbon fiber, and can be adjusted for the length of pull and cheek weld. Upgrading your gun’s chassis can also make it easier to mount optics or other accessories, such as bipods or slings. A good chassis can improve your gun’s balance, making it easier to handle and shoot accurately. When considering a chassis upgrade, make sure to research different options and find one that is compatible with your firearm and shooting style.

Upgrade Your Gun’s Sights

Having accurate sights on your firearm is crucial for hitting your targets with precision. Upgrading your gun’s sights can make a significant difference in your shooting performance. There are various types of sights available, including iron sights, red dot sights, holographic sights, and scopes. Iron sights are the most common type and are found on many firearms. Red dot sights are becoming increasingly popular, especially in the tactical and competitive shooting community. They offer a quick target acquisition and are useful in low-light conditions. Holographic sights are similar to red dot sights but provide a more extensive field of view and are less prone to parallax errors. Scopes are an excellent option for long-range shooting and provide magnification and range-finding capabilities. Upgrading your gun’s sights can help you shoot more accurately and efficiently.

Consider Ammunition Selection

The type of ammunition you use can also affect your gun’s performance. Different types of ammunition can impact factors such as accuracy, recoil, and velocity. When choosing ammunition, consider your gun’s barrel length, twist rate, and intended use. For example, if you are shooting at a longer range, you may want to consider using ammunition with a heavier bullet and higher velocity. If you are shooting for self-defense, you may want to consider using hollow-point ammunition, which can expand on impact and cause greater damage to your target. Additionally, you should choose ammunition that is compatible with your firearm and recommended by the manufacturer.

Practice Proper Shooting Techniques

Lastly, improving your performance with your favorite firearm requires regular practice and proper shooting techniques. Shooting accurately and quickly is a skill that takes time and practice to develop. Proper shooting techniques, such as proper grip, stance, and trigger control, can help you shoot more accurately and consistently. Additionally, regular practice at the range or in a controlled environment can help you identify areas where you need improvement and work to correct them. By practicing regularly and using proper techniques, you can become more proficient with your firearm and improve your overall shooting performance.

There are several ways to improve the performance of your favorite firearm, whether it’s accuracy, speed, or reliability that you’re looking to enhance. Upgrading components such as the barrel, trigger, chassis, sights, and ammunition selection can make a significant difference in your shooting performance. Regular cleaning and maintenance, as well as practicing proper shooting techniques, are also crucial for improving your skills and maximizing your gun’s potential. By investing time and effort into upgrading and maintaining your firearm, you can enhance its performance and get the most out of your shooting experience. Remember to always prioritize safety and follow proper handling procedures when working with firearms.

DULUTH — Northern Minnesota’s moose have been hanging on for the past decade, reproducing and surviving at a rate barely able to keep up with an onslaught by wolves, bears, ticks and brainworm from deer.

First it was northwestern Minnesota’s moose that disappeared, in the 1990s, from thousands to virtually none over just one decade.

Then, northeastern moose numbers crashed by 70% from a modern high of 8,840 moose estimated in 2006 to just 2,700 by 2013.

The only good news since then is that their numbers haven’t dropped any more, hanging near the lower number with glimmers of hope that they might bounce back.

Now, an effort is underway to bring multiple groups together to bolster moose habitat and maybe work on other threats so moose can thrive — to build back to the moose numbers of 30 years ago.

“Our goal is not to have our moose population always hanging by a thread,” said Kelly Straka, wildlife section manager for the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. “Our goal is to see them thrive. … Moose are iconic in Minnesota. They are critical to our ecosystem in the north. And people want to see them.”

To that end, Minnesota’s moose just received a big Christmas gift from the National Fish and Wildlife Federation, a federally funded grant of $443,600 to form a new moose collaborative that will lead to large-scale habitat projects in core moose range. It was one of 55 projects selected out of 500 applicants for the America the Beautiful Grants. The Minnesota DNR and tribal natural resource agencies are adding another $43,000.

The goal is to restore massive tracts of moose habitat over the next decade — at least three areas of 10,000-50,000 contiguous acres, 15-75 square miles each — considered huge parcels even in the vast wilds of Northeastern Minnesota.

The patchwork of tribal, federal, state, county and private land in Northeastern Minnesota makes large-scale habitat restoration particularly challenging. The grant isn’t buying any land or paying for any actual work on the ground.

Instead, it’s aimed at hiring a coordinator and bringing multiple parties together: the U.S. Forest Service, tribal resource agencies, the Minnesota DNR, county forestry departments, conservation groups like the Ruffed Grouse Society and Nature Conservancy as well as many private landowners.

The grant will pay for workshops through 2024 and into 2024 to see if the participants can get past the social, political and practical barriers and agree where it’s possible to conduct massive habitat work — either intentional fires or logging or both.

“The goal is to have a plan, to get all their parties at the table and come up with a plan to see where it makes the most sense for moose, and where it’s possible for us, to create some really large-scale habitat blocks,” Straka said. “It’s not that forest management hasn’t been occurring. It just hasn’t been big enough to really help moose.”

More logging, more fires, more moose

Mike Schrage, wildlife biologist for the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, watched moose numbers decline from his seat in a helicopter as part of a team of biologists who count moose each January in an annual aerial survey coordinated by the Minnesota DNR. What he saw most winters was depressing for anyone who enjoys moose.

Part of the problem is that large areas of Northeastern Minnesota, especially in the core Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and other blocks of the Superior National Forest, have trees that are too old for moose to thrive. Efforts to snuff most wildfires, a prohibition on logging in the BWCAW and a reduction in logging across the Superior National Forest and on private land has led to an older, mature forest that doesn’t offer great food for moose.

But Schrage noticed a few places where moose seemed to be doing better, namely wherever a large forest fire had occurred in recent years, like the 92,000-acre Pagami Creek fire inside the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in 2011 and the 75,000-acre Ham Lake fire along the end of the Gunflint Trail in 2007. Apparently, size matters when it comes to moose habitat, and these were the state’s largest wildfires since the 1930s.

It didn’t take an expert in moose biology, Schrage noted, to see what was going on. It’s in those big burned areas, now lush with new growth, where the highest moose densities have been seen in the past decade. That gives Schrage and others hope that moose will respond quickly to any large-scale habitat work conducted as part of the new collaborative.

Not every tree was burned of course, pockets of older trees remained — good cover for moose to hide in — but enough trees were gone to open the forest floor to sunlight and a new crop of vegetation for miles on end.

“I think we can double, maybe even triple moose numbers in those (habitat project) areas, if they are large enough,” Schrage added. “In the areas of the big fires, when we fly now, we may see 10 or 20 moose per 13-square-mile unit, compared to one or two moose, or none at all, in some areas outside the fires.”

Research crews for the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa now have about 30 moose wearing transmitter collars in and around the Grand Portage Reservation. In January, they will begin collaring another 25 moose in Minnesota and another 25 on Isle Royale as comparisons continue between the mainland and island moose herds.

Seth Moore, director of biology and environment for the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, is especially interested in how moose respond to the 26,000-acre Greenwood fire from 2021 in Lake County, near Isabella. While that fire forced evacuations and destroyed several cabins and homes, it also created prime moose habitat. Moore’s already seeing more moose in that area and he expects the ongoing aerial surveys to show a noticeable jump.

It’s unlikely that huge, intentional fires will be a major part of the moose habitat project — there’s simply too much opposition from home and cabin and owners now numerous across much of the moose range. But a series of smaller fires, or much larger-scale logging operations, or both, could mimic the same results as a single, larger fire.

“We have in our minds what the forest, what the northwoods, should look like. Big, old trees are usually in that picture,” Straka said. “But variety is important. Moose need variety. They need old trees for cover and they especially need young forest for food.”

Moore said social attitudes will need to change if efforts to truly restore the state’s moose population are going to succeed: attitudes about managing and killing some wolves, attitudes about large clear-cut swaths of forest and attitudes about wildfire.

Fire, Moore noted, is how nature created moose habitat for millennia.

“We’re going to have to make some difficult decisions to keep moose on our landscape in northern Minnesota,” Moore said. “I’m not sure how we got to a point where people think clear cuts are all bad. … It’s how we keep part of the forest young. And moose can’t make it without young trees to eat.”

Schrage agreed. While some people may bristle when miles of forest briefly appear blackened from fire, or void of big trees after a logging operation, Schrage says they will also be surprised at how fast the forest regenerates. And it’s that young growth that moose need most: shoots of aspen, paper birch, alder and balsam fir. Many species of tree and brush that moose favor regenerate on their own.

“I think people wouldn’t mind looking out over a clear cut if there was a moose in the middle of it,” Schrage said.

For Minnesota moose, many maladies

It seems at times as if humans and Mother Nature are ganging up on moose, throwing a bevy of problems at the big animals that they seem unable to overcome.

Perhaps foremost is the warming climate, with warmer summer temperatures taking a toll on the big, dark animals that tend to stop feeding when it gets too hot. Warmer winters allow white-tailed deer to thrive farther north and allow tick numbers to build.

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So-called “winter ticks” have become a huge problem for moose, with sometimes thousands of them building up on a single animal. Moose, for whatever reason, don’t seem to notice the ticks until it’s too late, then begin to furiously scratch their thick hides on trees in an attempt to get rid of the parasites.

That causes moose to lose their insulating hair, and many of the tick-infested moose eventually have so much bare skin exposed that they die due to exposure to the elements.

Generally, warmer winters also have allowed deer to thrive farther north over the past 50 years. Whitetails were not native to the northern forest but moved in after the massive logging and fires of the early 1900s. Deer numbers peaked during a string of mild winters in the early 2000s, thriving far into moose territory and bringing along a parasitic brainworm, P. tenuis, that, while harmless to deer, is fatal to moose.

The brainworm’s unusual life cycle requires that it passes through a snail first, and then is picked up by moose as they forage. Moore’s research found that 25% to 30% of moose mortality in Northeastern Minnesota was from brainworm, a larger percent of adult moose than are killed by predators.

Snowier winters, fewer deer may be helping

A string of deep-snow winters in the past decade has substantially reduced the region’s deer population, which is good news for moose. To curb the brainworm problem, Moore said, deer numbers should be kept to six or fewer per square mile in moose territory.

“We thought 10 (deer per square mile) would be low enough. But in areas where we had that many deer we still had a lot of brainworm,” Moore said.

The number of moose infected with brainworm seems to be dropping some as deer numbers have dropped in recent years, Moore added. But when deer numbers rebound from the tough winters, as they always have in past decades, Moore wants the Minnesota DNR to encourage more hunters to kill more deer in the state’s moose range by offering more doe permits and longer hunting seasons.

The DNR already has designated much of eastern St. Louis, Lake and Cook counties as primary moose habitat. But intentionally keeping deer numbers very low is likely not something many deer hunters in the region would support.

“The deer will come back after a few mild winters. And we need some sort of ongoing effort to keep their numbers down,” Moore said.

Wolves, bear taking most calves

Moose have lived alongside wolves for millennia. But, in northern Minnesota, wolves have grown to higher densities thanks to white-tailed deer – some of the highest densities of wolves anywhere in the world. Wolves are most numerous in areas where deer are more numerous because it’s far easier for wolves to kill a deer than kill a moose or elk.

But now that deer numbers have declined in the northeast, wolves either move out, starve or turn to other prey. And, for several weeks each summer, wolves and black bears are feasting on moose calves too small to escape. The number of calves surviving their first year, and getting old enough to reproduce on their own, is extremely low, barely enough to keep moose numbers stable. Until more calves make it, Minnesota’s moose population can’t grow.

“The primary cause of calf mortality is predation,” Moore said. Of the calves researchers have collared, 80% are killed in their first two weeks by wolves and bears.

Wolves in Minnesota are considered an officially “threatened” species, with slightly less protection than endangered status. That’s allowed an ongoing federal program to trap and kill wolves near farms where livestock have been killed. Moore thinks that would be a good idea in prime moose range, too, if public hunting and trapping moose remains off the table.

“Moose are the primary subsistence species of the Ojibwe people, that’s their livelihood, their crop, so to speak. And you wonder why we can have a management program for farmers to protect cattle but not a wolf management program to protect moose,” Moore noted.

Moore added, however, that several tribal officials across northern Minnesota remain opposed to any wolf killing efforts.

“It’s a difficult topic. … I realize some tribal people are opposed to killing any wolves. But we have to realize what’s at stake here? Do we want to lose moose in Minnesota?” Moore added.

Good news, then bad news, but still hope

Last winter, the annual state survey of moose in Northeastern Minnesota showed an increase to about 4,700 moose after their numbers appeared stuck around 3,500 for several years. Crews will be back out next week to start the 2024 survey, with results released in spring.

The 2022 aerial survey found calves comprised an estimated 19% of the population with an estimated 45 calves per 100 cows. That’s the highest both indicators have been since 2005, when the population was near its peak and considered healthy. Both factors are indicators of potential improvement in reproductive success, critical to increase overall moose numbers.

In 2005, when the moose population was healthy, 52% of all cow moose surveyed had a calf still alive in January. That number dropped as low as 32% in the worst years recently but rebounded to 45% in 2022, the 2022 survey found.

But the 2022 survey was conducted in January, still early in a winter that became so severe that even long-legged moose struggled to survive, Moore noted. Some areas of moose range had nearly three feet of snow on the ground well into spring.

“We lost most of our collared deer due to winter severity last winter. But we also lost probably 25% of our collared moose. They started going in April and were still dropping even into July … they just got so weak during winter they couldn’t recover and died,” Moore said. “I have a feeling that the (2024) moose survey is going to be back down again after seeing so much mortality after last winter.”

Moore wants to see a cooperative effort eventually agree to a Minnesota moose recovery zone — an experimental area where extra efforts would be tried to see if moose numbers can be increased. That would mean not only large-scale swaths of fires and logging, but also an ongoing effort to keep deer numbers very low as well as some sort of focused wolf management, at least short term, to give moose calves a fighting chance at growing up.

Moore said he believes the effort can work if obstacles are overcome.

“I have some hope. I think it’s possible to keep moose on our landscape, but we have to act soon,” Moore said. “The good news is that the (Minnesota) DNR seems to be reinvesting some time, energy and thought into moose again, and that hasn’t really happened for a while. We need the DNR, and the Forest Service, fully engaged to really make this work.”

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