You need a good swimbait to catch fish consistently. There are so many types of swimbait out on the market, making it tough to know what swimbait to use and when to use it. I have found the 5 swimbaits listed below to be great for “Kraken” bass, helping me have great success after several years of trial and error. This article will walk you through what you need to look for in a swimbait. Plus, it’ll give you a strong baseline of swimbaits to use to consistently outperform all the others. Hopefully, this information on soft plastic swimbaits will help eliminate some confusion for you. In addition, there are several tips and a video of each of these swimbaits in action to help you become a better swimbait fisherman. Enjoy the post!

What Makes A Good Swimbait

A swimbait can be one of the best lures to use for bass fishing. They allow you to cover a lot of water and-best of all-bass crush them! Unfortunately, not all swimbaits are created equal. Almost every fishing brand has one kind of swimbait or another. What separates the effectiveness of a swimbait is its size, swimming action, and the colors.

Fortunately, I’ve spent a lot of time on the water, and boiled the mass amount of products down to 5 good swimbaits that will consistently catch you big bass all year long. Feel free to leave a comment below if you disagree with any of the swimbait listed. I’m always open to try new gear and techniques. Plus, don’t forget to check out the video at the bottom of the post to see these swimbaits in action and see proof of why these are the best. Soak in the stoke!

Keitech Easy Shiner Swimbait

One of the all-time best swimbaits is the Keitech Easy Shiner. This swimbait is awesome because the tail will wobble perfectly without barely any movement on the retrieve. Plus, the thin body is a perfect baitfish imitator. The best way to fish this swimbait is with a 1/8oz. darter jig head on a light spinning rod. You can cast it a mile and the darter jig head will help keep the swimbait horizontal as you retrieve it through the water. Prepare to reel in the bites with this awesome lure.

Rigging Up Keitech Easy Shiner Swimbaits

4″ Ayu Keitech Shiner

1/8oz. Gamakatsu Darter Jig Head

7′ Medium Heavy Spinning Rod & Reel Size 30

Basstrix Paddle Tail Swimbait

I have found the Basstrix Paddle Tail to be a great swimbait on the market. Its action is incredibly unique compared to any other swimbait. The entire body wobbles as the tail kicks. This extra vibration in the water from the Basstrix swimbait’s body wobble helps draw some serious strikes. The Basstrix needs to be retrieved a little faster than other swimbaits to get the right action, but it still crushes bass. Plus, the hollow body enable some cool rigging options to keep the bait from catching in the weeds. This swimbait is a definite must-have in your arsenal.

Rigging Up Basstrix Paddle Tail Swimbaits

1/4oz. gamakatsu swimbait jig head

5″ Basstrix Ayu Paddle Tail Swimbait

7′ Medium Heavy Baitcasting Rod & Reel

Jackall Rhythm Wave Swimbait

The Jackall Rhythm Wave is one of the best swimbaits because of its perfect finesse presentation. I love how the Rhythm Wave’s tail will kick on the slowest of retrieves. Plus, the body has a good rocking action to give it a little more presence in the water. Another cool feature about this swimbait is the scale imitation body style stripes that go down across the entire swimbait. This helps give it a natural baitfish appearance in the water. The bass never fail to choke this swimbait down with some serious stoke!

Rigging Rhythm Wave Swimbaits

3.8 Prims Shad Jackall Rhythm Wave

1/8 Oz Gamakatsu Darter Jig Head

7′ Medium Heavy Spinning Rod & Size 30 Reel

Megabass Spark Shad Swimbait

I like the Megabass Spark Shad swimbait for a variety of reasons. It swims incredibly straight and the body style is a perfect representation of a small fish with the extra front fins. The tail will kick easily on a slow retrieve, and this swimbait comes in some awesome natural colors. The only downside to this swimbait is the eyes will fall off; however, this doesn’t detract the bass from chomping it down. The holes in the top of the bait also help make sure you get the bait rigged up perfectly straight every time. The Spark Shad swimbait really gets those bass “Kraken.”

Rigging Megabass Spark Shad Swimbaits

4″ Real Megabass Spark Shad

3/8oz. Megabass Body Balance Jig Head

Baitcasting 7″ Medium Heavy Rod & Baitcasting Reel

Keitech Fat Swing Impact Swimbait

The Keitech Fat Swing Impact Swimbait is really useful to keep ’em biting. I love the action on this swimbait. It is incredible. The body kick and the tail wag is perfect at the slowest of speeds. This swimbait works amazing as a trailer on a spinnerbait or a swim jig. Traditionally, this swimbait is used a lot on umbrella rigs too. Yet, it still crushes sitting straight on a lead jig head, slowly retrieved through the water. This swimbait is a bass-killer all season long.

Rigging Keitech Swing Impact Fat Swimbaits

4.8″ Ayu Keitech Fat Swing Impact1/4oz. Dirty Jigs Bluegill Swimbait HeadBaitcasting 7″ Medium Heavy Rod & Baitcasting Reel

Swimbait Fishing Video Demonstration

Here’s some footage of these 5 effective swimbaits being tested by me in one morning of fishing. Each of these swimbaits produced some decent bass. Hopefully, you can pick up a few tips from these clips on how to fish these lures as well. A good swimbait and some nice lures are, hands down, one of my favorite ways to catch bass. I hope these videos get you stoked to see how well a swimbait can work for you. Enjoy the vid!

Hopefully, this video and information will help you level up your game to catch more bass on a swimbait. Don’t forget to subscribe to the blog and follow @Krakenbass on all the main social media accounts to keep you up to speed with new posts and information to help you catch more big bass! I’d love to hear from you in the comments below to learn some of your favorite soft plastic swimbaits. There is something magical about these swimbaits that really get those bass “Kraken!”

As Always,

Stay Stoked!

Limb lines are an extremely effective and simple method of catfishing. Typical limb lines for catfish setups involve nothing more than stout twine, a heavy sinker, a strong swivel, a sharp hook, and a tasty piece of bait. Instead of attaching this to a fishing pole, you tie it to a supple green limb overhanging the water and motor away to go do other things. In your absence, the limb fights the fish. Clever anglers may set a dozen or more of these lines, and let them “soak” for a couple of hours while they fish with a rod and reel nearby. If they’re lucky, they’ll soon be blessed with a “tree shaker,” a catfish so big it makes the whole tree sway as it struggles to return to deeper water!

Are Limb Lines Legal?

In most cases, yes! Most states allow limb lining in one form or another. In places where catfish are plentiful (throughout most of the southern and midwestern United States) regulations generally permit limb lines, trotlines, and other forms of setlining. Some states may have restrictions on the number of lines or hooks you can have out at once, and most require that the lines be tagged with the owner’s information. It’s important that you read up on your state’s regulations and clarify any questions with local authorities before you begin setting limb lines for catfish.

Limb Line Fishing

Some catfishermen look down upon limb lines, claiming that they don’t require any skill. It’s true that limb lines do set the hook and play the fish for you. But limb lines are to rod and reel fishing what trapping is to hunting. It’s a different way to accomplish the same goal, and you put in all of the hard work and planning on the front end of the project. There is definitely an art to setting limb lines.

For this article, we were lucky enough to be able to interview Art Preller. Art is a longtime limb line fisherman on the White River and the inventor of the Port Arthur Limb Line.

How Deep To Set Limb Lines For Catfish

While many fishermen conceptualize catfish as deep water bottom dwellers, Art knows different. “Catfish are edge dwellers,” he says. “They’ll run the bank edge at night, and you don’t need a whole lot of water to catch them in. I’ve got a three foot paddle on my boat, and if I see a limb that looks good I’ll go over and stick that paddle in the water. If it’s got three feet then I’ll go ahead and set a line. I don’t usually fish all the way on the bottom. I’ll drop the bait down to the bottom and then come up about six inches.”

Setting Catfish Lines – Where To Put Them

We asked Art if he had any advice on what stretches of the bank were good candidates for limb line fishing.

“It depends on what you’re fishing for,” Art replied. “If you’re fishing for flatheads, bluff banks are best. If you’re fishing for channel cats or blue cats, you can really catch them almost anywhere. I like to look for banks with a lot of overhanging brush on them. And the more structure you have around on the edge of the bank, the better.”

Catfish Bank Poles/Diddy Poles – An Option When You Don’t Have A Limb

Sometimes, there just isn’t a limb handy where you want to set a hook. Art keeps a few pvc poles in his boat that can be driven into eroded bluff banks. Referred to as “bank poles” “ditty poles” or “diddy poles,” these simple devices can make you a more versatile fisherman.

Diddy poles can be made from pvc, bamboo, cane, or green willow shoots. Anglers can also purchase premade diddy poles made from fiberglass. These poles are small enough in diameter that they can be set on sunken timber with the aid of the appropriately sized drill bit. If you’re looking to purchase some premade diddy poles, Catfish Getters offers them in several sizes and configurations.

Limb Lines On The River

When setting limb lines on the river, look for breaks in the current. If there’s a seam line in the current, catfish will lurk in the low-flow areas and wait to ambush food swept downstream. The mouth of creeks and sloughs off of the main channel can be productive areas.

Structure can also provide an easy place for catfish to rest and wait for prey. Old docks, fallen down trees, and sunken houseboats or derelict vessels on the bank can be productive places.

How To Set Limb Lines For Flatheads

Flathead catfish are highly regarded by serious catfishermen. “Flatheads are kinda like the crappie of the catfish family,” Art explains. “They have a very white, clean meat because they hunt live bait; they’re not scavengers like the other species.”

So how can a catfisherman target flatheads with his limb lines?

“You’ll definitely catch more flatheads with live bait,” he said. “Down here, we like to use goldfish or rice slicks.” (Editor’s note: “rice slicks” is a colloquial term for Green Sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). “June is usually the most productive month because they’re spawning. Right now, if we set hooks with live bait, we’re running around a 25% hookup rate for flatheads.”

Best Bait For Limb Lines

What about other species? What’s the best bait for channel catfish and blue catfish?

“Nightcrawlers are always a good go-getter,” says Art. “You’ll mainly catch channel cats on them, but you can catch blues and even flatheads occasionally. You just have to be careful how you run your lines. If you’re using nightcrawlers, wait until sunset to bait your hooks. Otherwise bait-stealers like bream and gar will clean your hooks before catfish can find them.”

“As far as blues go, if you can catch a few skipjack or freshwater drum, you can cut those up and that’s a really good bait for blue cats,” Art explains. “We were out just last week and caught a 22lb blue on a piece of cut drum.”

Best Hooks For Limb Lines

Hook selection is a very important part of your limb line strategy. Catfish run the gamut from 2lb “eatin’-sized” channel cats all the way to trophy-class blue cats that can break the hundred pound mark. You’ll want to match your hook to your target fish’s size.

“I’m not really a trophy catfisherman,” says Art. “I’m just out to fill my freezer. My general rule is if a fish is too big for my filet knife, I’ll let him go. You need big fish in your water to replenish what you catch. So with that in mind, I consider a size two to size four j-hook to be about right for what I’m targeting.”

What about trophy catifsh?

“If you’re going for the big fish, those 50-80lb trophy fish, then you’ll want something bigger. I’d say a 7/0 circle hook would be about right for big fish. You’ll also want to get some bigger swivels. Big catfish are tough on your tackle.”

Best Knot For Limb Lines

For your connections to the swivel and hook, a good, no-slip knot with high break strength such as a Palomar knot is ideal. For your attachment to the limb, a good slip-knot will hold even the largest catfish, but come loose quickly and easily with a tug of the tag end when it’s time to gather your lines back up.

Best Time To Set Limb Lines

Limb lines are usually set at night during the spring and summer months. During this time, catfish feed more heavily at night as the water temperatures cool off. They’ll transition from deep, cool holes to the shallows along the shoreline in search of prey such as shad, bluegill, skipjack, crawfish, and insects.

Fishing at night also ensures that you are avoiding the “bait stealers” Art mentions. If you try to run lines during the day, you’ll have to fight with bream, gar, choupique, and even hungry turtles!

Limb Line String

Catfish are not line-shy. Heavy-duty, tarred trotline cord is strong and holds knots well, two features crucial in limb line string. Art’s premade limb lines come standard with tarred cord rated to 170lbs, plenty strong enough for even the biggest trophy catfish.

Limb Line Weights

When selecting weights for limb lines used in catfishing, it is essential to consider the size and behavior of the catfish species you are targeting. Generally, heavier weights are preferred to keep the line securely anchored to the limb or structure. The weight should be sufficient to counteract the fish’s strength and prevent it from easily breaking free. Depending on the water current and depth, weights ranging from 2 to 8 ounces or more may be suitable. It’s important to experiment and adjust the weight based on the specific fishing conditions to ensure the limb line remains stable and effective in attracting and catching catfish.

How To Make A Limb Line

Limb Line Setup

If you’d like to make your own limbline, start by gathering your materials. You’ll need heavy cord, strong swivels, sharp hooks, and some ½-4oz egg weights.

Start by cutting 2 lengths of cord; a 6-10ft main line and an approximately 2ft leader. Tie a heavy-duty swivel on one end of the main line using an improved clinch knot or palomar knot and thread an egg weight on. In heavy current, you’ll need a heavy sinker to keep your bait submerged. In slack water, use a lighter sinker.

Once the sinker is threaded, prevent it from coming off by tying a simple overhand knot on the opposite end of the line from the sinker. Then, tie a hook to your leader line. Straight-shank hooks can be attached with an improved clinch knot or similar. Circle hooks perform better when snelled. Be sure to use a hook size appropriate for the size fish you are after.

Once this is done, tie the hook and leader to the swivel on your main line. Add a tag in compliance with local regs to your main line, and your line is ready for the water!

Limb Line Rigs

It may not occur to most fishermen, but there is more than one way to rig a limb line. Most anglers will stick with the tried-and-tested Carolina and split shot rigs for limb lines. But there’s nothing stopping you from experimenting! Any live or cut bait rig that you would tie on the end of a rod-n-reel can be duplicated on a limb line. A dropshot rig is a good way to suspend bait off of the bottom, and you can experiment with multiple hooks by mimicking a high-low rig.

Catfish Limb Lines For Sale

While limb lines are simple to make, they do take up a lot of time. And if you don’t already have the hardware on-hand, it can be surprisingly expensive by the time you add up all of the materials plus time and gas to acquire them. Pre-made limb lines are an excellent option for fishermen who are short on time, or who just want to try a couple out on their next fishing trip.

Art Preller’s Port Arthur Limb Lines are an innovative take on limb lines. They incorporate a hi-vis, reflective flagging device that serves as a fish indicator, tag, and storage device. According to Art, “You can put fifty of them in a five gallon bucket and they’re all organized. And when you’re done fishing, they’re easy to pull off of the river so that you aren’t losing equipment or littering the environment.”

Limb Line Safety

Unfortunately, some fishermen give limb-lining a bad name and abandon their lines or leave them unattended for too long. This can be dangerous to wildlife and even people, especially when water levels fall and leave the hooks exposed. Animals and boaters can become hooked or entangled in an abandoned limb line, so always be sure to remove your lines when you are done with them!

Limb Line Lights

Some anglers go so far as to mark their limb lines to make them more visible. A chemical glow stick or inexpensive clip-on light can make it easier for you or unwary boaters to locate your lines in the dark. Reflective tape and hi-vis yellow, orange, or pink lines can also make it easier for you and others to see your lines.

Limb Line Tags

In most states, regulations call for tagging your limb lines. These tags generally require you to provide ID and contact information. In Alabama, for example, lines must be tagged with the owner’s name and either a phone number or fishing license number. This information helps conservation officers to identify the owners of abandoned lines.

Limb Line Storage

Perhaps the most difficult part of fishing with limb lines is keeping them organized! The more lines you run, the harder this becomes. A boat full of lines with sharp hooks and flopping catfish isn’t just frustrating, it can be downright dangerous!

Some anglers keep their lines wrapped around a section of foam pool noodle. Bury the hook point in the foam, wrap the line around the noodle, and tuck the tag end under the last wrap for a clean package that can be easily unwound when needed.

Another storage tactic is to wrap the lines around your fingers in a figure-8 pattern and secure it with a small alligator clip. The wrapped line can then be set into a compartment in a flat, stowaway-style tackle box.

Final Thoughts On Limb Lines For Catfish

In conclusion, limb lines are a highly effective and popular method for catching catfish. This traditional fishing technique combines simplicity and efficiency, making it accessible to anglers of all skill levels. By utilizing strong lines, appropriate bait, and strategic placement, limb lines offer a reliable means of catching plenty of catfish. However, it is crucial for anglers to prioritize responsible fishing practices, ensuring the safety and well-being of both the targeted species and the surrounding ecosystem. By adhering to local regulations and employing responsible fishing methods, anglers can continue to enjoy the thrill of limb lining while preserving natural resources and being considerate of other outdoorsmen.

Full Disclosure: This post may include affiliate links. There’s no extra charge to our readers for using these.

Not sure what mouth turkey call to get?

Look no further.

I’ve exhaustively tested ALL the best turkey mouth calls on the market. In fact, I tested everything, including: construction, sound quality, and so much more.

By the end of this guide, you’ll find the perfect mouth call.

Are you ready?

The 4 Best Turkey Mouth Calls

If you’re pressed on time, here’s a quick list of the best turkey mouth calls:

1. Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm: Best Overall Turkey Mouth Call
2. HS Strut Premium Flex Combo: Best Turkey Mouth Call for Beginners
3. Primos Hunting Upper Cut: Best for the Budget
4. Primos Hunting Hook Hunter: Best Primos Turkey Mouth Call

1. Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm: Best Overall Turkey Mouth Call

The Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm is a well-known and well-loved turkey mouth call, and for with good reason.

Beginners and seasoned hunters alike go for this budget-friendly and solidly constructed piece of hunting equipment.

This is going to seem like I have nothing critical to say about the Red Wasp, but the truth is that there just isn’t that much for me to complain about.

I have some minor gripes about airflow, but that’s really about it.

Construction

The Woodhaven Red Wasp is a three reed V-Cut mouth call made with a red latex top reed and two straight prophylactic bottom reeds.

Its shape is that of almost every single other turkey mouth diaphragm; a horseshoe. The outer half-ring is made from a premium tape, a lined locking frame with adhesive, and “only the best latex material”

This call feels obviously high quality even looking it, but more so after holding and using it. Everything feels, firm, solid, and I’d even go as far as to say hand-made. You know you’re working with some quality build as soon as you use it.

The construction is as good as I’ve seen with “premium” turkey calls. It sure isn’t lacking in this department.

Sound Quality

All of these other factors like reliability, construction, and build quality are meaningless if there’s not a good sound coming out of the call its self, and the Red Wasp Diaphragm has this in spades.

This call is going to produce a nice, soft, raspy call, just like you’d expect from an old hen. Yelps and clucks sound top-notch. You’ll be certain to attract a few birds to your spot.

The sound quality is truly great, but as with any and every mouth call, the sound is largely dependant on the user. Don’t lose hope yet beginners! You should still consider picking this mouth call up.

While you’ll see many veteran hunters using this call like an orchestral instrument, the Red Wasp is designed in such a way that even newbies can use the call fairly easily, with a little practice of course.

Newer hunters and seasoned trackers both will enjoy the sound quality of this call. It’s easy to learn on and better yet, some hunters never want to let it go.

Durability

Bad build quality is always a deal-breaker for me, but the smartly designed and caringly constructed Red Wasp passed my torture test with flying colors.

Many hunters take meticulous care when handling, using, and storing their calls. Their calls can last them for an almost absurd amount of time, I’m talking months upon months, even a couple of years (gross).

I, however, am the very opposite of that. I treat my numerous mouth calls almost like absolute garbage. Aside from losing several, I toss them in my pockets with my keys, near my phone, and my utility knife. I have shredded up many a turkey calls in my life.

For this particular diaphragm, I was actively doing my best to treat it with the bare minimum care to find out if it could survive even me.

It absolutely defeated my torture and mistreatment. The build quality and durability shines brightly in this instance.

I am typically worried about the reed latex ripping or peeling because of the frequent contact with borderline sharp objects like my keys, but I couldn’t see any visible damage or hear any difference in the sound quality.

I know that the Woodhaven Red Wasp is cheap and I wouldn’t be losing out on much if it got destroyed, but it’s great to have a call that can survive almost anything within reasonable limits.

Even though I can afford to buy a brand new call whenever mine fails, not everyone can. If you don’t have a lot of money to spend or are just a frugal type, rest assured that you won’t be wasting your money.

You’ll likely end up squeezing out every nickel and dime it’s worth before it breaks, fails, or otherwise gets retired.

Price

The Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm is only gonna cost you $11.99 almost everywhere.

While turkey mouth calls are not a particularly expensive item, this is still an amazing deal since you’re going to be bagging birds left and right while you’re using this mouth call.

Is the Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm worth it?

There’s no question about it, yes. Here’s why:

• Popular – Although inexpensive, the Red Wasp is an ultra-high-quality product. You might be doing yourself a disservice if you skip out on this call just because it’s a popular call. There’s a reason (or more like several reasons) this is a popular call.
• Durable – The built quality and construction are incredible. It put my worries about durability to rest very quickly. It bordered on invincible, even for me. No bends, breaks, peeling, or tearing here.
• Reliable – This mouth call is reliable and is in it for the long-haul. It’s a big deal considering this is tied with sound quality for most important aspects of a good turkey mouth call.
• Great sound – The sound is superb and easy to produce for beginners. The sound is raspy and soft, just what you’d be looking for in an old hen. Many more experienced hunters could play this thing like a darn instrument. You will not be disappointed when you hear the Red Wasp for the first time.

You really can’t go wrong with the Woodhaven Red Wisp Diaphragm. There’s a reason why some veteran hunters won’t use anything else.

2. HS Strut Premium Flex Combo: Best Turkey Mouth Call for Beginners

Using turkey calls can seem pretty daunting at first, as can turkey hunting in general.

Seeing some pros doing almost identical calls seems discouraging, but it doesn’t take perfect pitch for a perfect hunt.

Start out with the HS Strut Premium Flex Combo, a pack designed with beginners in mind.

Construction

The Flex Combo comes with four different types of calls: The Lil’ Strut, Smoking Gun, Triple Trauma, and Sickle Cutter.

All of them are built in the classic horseshoe shape.

The calls are built with a “premium flex frame” that is supposed to be comfortable for the user, and resistant to bending to ensure a good seal is kept during use and to retain its shape for a more consistent sound.

Of course for many new beginners (or those with a sensitive gag-reflex), a turkey call isn’t going to be the most comfortable thing in the world to get used to. Trimming the call down a little bit might be a reasonable path to take when you’re first starting out.

The reeds are made of a material called Infinity Latex, which requires less air pressure to produce a good sound.

Sound Quality

The sound quality is decent for such a low-cost pack of reeds. This is perfect for beginners who are getting into turkey hunting or who just want to practice their calls while driving around.

Someone described the turkey call as a musical instrument, and that holds true; it takes, patience, practice, and time to learn how to use one. It’s important to keep this in mind when judging the sonic merit of a call, but the sound quality is good overall and is certain to help bag some turkeys (if you practice).

While it can’t quite compete with some slightly more expensive calls, it still does what it’s aiming for; to call turkeys.

This call is not just for beginners either, the sound quality is good enough for intermediate hunters to pick these guys up as well.

Longevity and Build Quality

While the HS Strut Premium Flex Combo boasts good quality build for the calls, I didn’t quite get that impression from my time with them.

If you’re the type of person to take meticulous care of every piece of hunting gear you have, you can expect between 6 months and a year of use from these calls, but if you’re like me, the lifespan on the HS Strut calls is significantly less than what you’re expecting.

I didn’t expect much from these calls in terms of durability, but I was still disappointed with the minuscule amount of time it took for these calls to start falling apart.

I should preface this by saying that I did the absolute minimum when it came to taking care of and protecting the HS Struts. At most, I slipped them into a ziplock bag and stuffed that in my pocket, at worst I tossed them in my jacket pocket with my keys, in my back pocket with my wallet, and in my passenger seat.

The first one fell apart in my pocket with the latex peeling from the rest of the body. The second wasn’t as bad, but I was able to feel shallow rips in the material while I was on the hunt. The other two are fine, likely from a lack of use. I quickly chose favorites, but that’s more of a personal thing.

The ruggedness of these calls leaves something to be desired, but basic caretaking should have these calls lasting you a few months up to a year. Throw them away after that, they get rather nasty after that amount of time.

Price

The HS Strut Premium Flex Combo is only going to cost you $12.95. That’s a really great deal even for beginner turkey calls. If you find that you like using mouth calls, you can upgrade to a higher quality and slightly more expensive turkey call like the Primos Hunting Hook Hunter Turkey Mouth Call at $21.95 for two.

Is the HS Strut Premium Flex worth it?

For beginners, this product is a great starting point.

While the build quality isn’t amazing, the price, variety of products, and sound quality are all pretty good for calls that are only about $3.50 a piece.

Even if you decide mouth calls or turkey hunting isn’t for you, you’re only out 13 dollars. These are a steal if you just need something to practice with or even a back-up. They can even last you a while if you’re gentle with them.

If you’re well versed in turkey hunting and mouth calls, you probably won’t be too disappointed with these, but I think you’d be doing yourself a favor by dropping a little extra cash on a higher quality product.

The HS Strut Premium Flex Combo doesn’t bring anything to the table that you haven’t seen before, but if you’re looking for something to gift to a child or new hunters, these would be a solid buy.

3. Primos Hunting Upper Cut: Best for the Budget

The Primos Hook Hunter Upper Cut diaphragm call is the best turkey call for anyone on a budget.

It’s loud, sounds true to nature, and is expertly engineered.

How does this call measure up to others on the market?

Let’s find out!

Design

The Primos Hunting Upper Cut diaphragm call is made with three premium-grade latex reeds. It’s crafted to perfection, and creates raspy pitches accurate enough to fool even the wisest turkeys!

This is thanks to Primos’ precise, expert engineering. Their Hook Hunter line is one of the leading lines of diaphragm calls, combining over 100 years of experience from seasoned, professional turkey hunters.

The handmade cuts, fly-downs, and upper-cut design produce unique pitches, giving some of the best yelps I’ve ever heard.

The experts at Primos have crafted this call with durability and performance in mind.

Sound

Thanks to the precision cuts, this call makes the exact sounds hens use to summon males from a long distance.

It’s a loud, crisp, raspy sound that’s very true to nature, great for cuts and yelps. If you direct your airflow to the right, you can even get those “keekees” and tree calls!

The sound quality of this diaphragm call is truly unmatched. I’d even go as far as to say it’s my go-to turkey call!

Use

The Upper Cut is a very loud, versatile call, so it’s great for both close and long-range use. It fits well in your mouth and is easy to blow, as long as you know how to use it.

It’s definitely not for beginners. Diaphragms can be a bit difficult to get used to, and you’ll need a lot of practice before you understand how to properly use it.

You must become familiar with the natural tones of turkeys to use it effectively. You also may need to pair it with another call if you’re looking to get any non-raspy tones.

Once you get used to it, it’s very simple to use and the airflow is great. Just put it in your mouth, give it a single blow, and watch the turkeys come flocking!

Price

You can find this turkey call at most online retailers for around $11.

At first, this might seem a little expensive for the average hobby turkey hunter.

But, Primos is an elite brand that has been delivering quality products for decades. It’s a great value for what could very well be the best turkey diaphragm call on the market.

It blows nicely, and Primos is a tried-and-true, time-tested manufacturer with over 100 years of experience in the turkey call game.

Is the Primos Hunting Upper Cut Worth it?

This is one of my all-time favorite diaphragm calls.

It’s versatile, gives you a loud, crisp sound that works every time, and comes from one of the best manufacturers out there.

I cannot recommend the Primo Hunting Upper Cut enough. This is one purchase you certainly will not regret.

4. Primos Hunting Hook Hunter: Best Primos Turkey Mouth Call

Primos game calls are top-notch, and without a doubt the Hook Hunter is the best Primos Turkey caller.

The Hook Hunter is actually a two-pack item. A blue call and a green call come together when you buy.

Being a moderately priced pack of callers, is it worth the extra expense?

Range

The Hook Hunter comes with two calls for a reason. Primos is making sure you are covered for long and short range calling.

My favorite of the two Hook Hunters is the blue long range call. Working with it is a slower paced run of sound.

The green short range is also great and easy to use. The clicks and purrs are easy to control and have a raspy sound.

The ghost cut gives me a good seal in the back of my mouth. I can really get after the long calls and kee kee sounds.

Use

The calls are easy to learn with and easy to use.

The packaging comes with helpful instructions and tips on using the mouth caller.

There is something to be said for practice with a mouth call, and the longer I’ve used the Hook Hunter, the better.

When out in the field, both will fit in the pocket on my hunting vest to protect them and keep them handy.

So, practice, practice, practice.

Your family may not appreciate that suggestion, but you can blame me now and thank me later.

Durability

The Hook Hunter is more durable than the cheaper options out there.

With mouth callers, many are only intended to be used for a short season. The Hook Hunters are well built and able to last for years if I’m careful with them.

They are also easy to keep clean.

I just soak mine in dish-soapy lukewarm water for a few minutes, then give it a quick rinse before laying it out on a paper towel.

I take the time to keep the reeds separate with a reed separator when I store them to get the most for my money.

Effective

The Hook Hunter calls are incredibly effective.

The consistent sounds make it easy to use, and to not have to guess at what sounds will come out of my mouth in the field.

The calls both give me more realistic sounds than the cheaper counterparts I’ve tried.

I can call a gobbler with his hens in without decoys, and that’s not a result I’d get with a cheap disposable caller.

Price

The Hook Hunter call is a 2-pack duo that is priced well.

They do come with a case, and that’s nice to have for storage.

The feel of the calls in the hand or in use is quality. No flimsy body or low-quality reeds here. This is a well built call that is worth the price.

Choose to cheap out and you’ll sound like a kid with a kazoo compared to this caller.

Is the Primo Hook Hunter Turkey Mouth Call worth it?

Without hesitation the answer is yes! These are mouth callers I have used for several years now.

The Primos Hook Hunter is a top notch duo with a quality sound and remarkably realistic calls.

Primo makes the best, and the best is the only way to buy.

Now It’s Your Turn

I hope you enjoyed my best turkey mouth call guide.

So as a recap:

If you’re looking for the best overall turkey mouth call, get the Woodhaven Red Wasp Diaphragm.

What about for beginners? Then opt-in for the HS Strut Premium Flex Combo.

On a budget? Then the Primos Hunting Upper Cut is for you.

Lastly, if you simply want the best primos call, I’d recommend the Primos Hunting Hook Hunter.

Now I want to turn it over to you:

Which turkey mouth call will you pick?

Let me know by leaving a quick comment down below.

Trout fishing is enjoyed by Pacific Northwesterners in every corner of our region, and I have put together a list of my personal favorite best trout fishing lures for you. Some of these are available everywhere, some of these are up and comers, but all of them are effective trout lures. Although I live and fish mainly in Washington State, I have travelled to Oregon, Idaho, Northern California and Montana in search of great trout fishing, and it’s helped me put together this Greatest Hits of Trout Fishing.

Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and California Trout Fishing

The lakes and rivers of the Pacific Northwest provide us with great trout fishing options. You may be headed to a suburban lake in Washington State that has been recently stocked with Rainbow Trout. Maybe you want to head to Central Oregon’s Lakes and fish for a trophy Brown Trout. Idaho and Montana have some of the most beautiful lakes with world-class trout fishing. And don’t forget about California’s epic river and lake trout fishing. While each region has it’s own unique lures and favorite riggings, there are a number of lures that you can’t go wrong with, regardless of where in our beautiful region you plan on trout fishing.

Casting Lures for Trout Fishing

I have spent many hours casting from shore for trout, and have a few favorite trout fishing lures to recommend. Being able to cast a distance is an important factor in shore fishing success. You can accomplish a longer distance cast by using lighter and thinner line, a heavier lure, or both. I prefer 4 pound to 6 pound line for most scenarios where I am trout fishing from shore.

The challenge is finding that perfect lure for the spot you are fishing. You can go with the heaviest lure in your tackle box, but then again it may be too large for the trout in the lake, or it may snag bottom once you are reeling it in, near the shore. The struggle is real! But have no fear, start out with any of these trout lures in the recommended sizes and you will be well on your way!

Also, keep in mind that any of these would make a fine lure to fish from a boat, whether trolling or casting.

Kastmaster Spoon

The Acme Kastmaster Spoon is one of my go-to trout lures for rivers and lakes. Ever since that childhood trip to my Uncle’s Montana ranch, where we fished Kastmaster’s (among others) on the ranch’s lake, I have always had a good time fishing these. There is just something about the action and finish that is a major trout attractor. My favorite sizes are 1/8 and 1/4 ounce. However, they offer some smaller sizes that are more appropriate for alpine lake fishing where the forage is usually smaller.

Roostertail Spinner

The Roostertail Spinner is one of the most universal trout lures in my tackle box. I have caught some really nice trout out of my local streams, lowland lakes as well as up in the high-country. Stick with the 1/16th to 1/8th ounce sizes. I really like a black with silver blade, the rainbow trout, or the frog patterns, but these come in too many fishy colors to mention!

Vibrax Spinner

While the Vibrax Spinner is best known for catching larger fish, it also works really well for trout, in it’s smallest sizes. I really do prefer the Size 0, 1 and 2 Vibrax Spinners for trout fishing, but a Size 3 might just catch you your personal best! Blue Fox Vibrax Spinner – View on Amazon

Mepps Spinner

Mepps Aglia Spinners have been available for a long time, and generations of anglers have caught trout on them across the West. In my home state of Washington, I always carry a few Size 1 or 2 Aglias when I’m backpacking to an alpine lake in the Cascades or Olympics.

Panther Martin Spinner

The Panther Martin Spinner very well may be the most recognizable trout lure ever made! Their simple inline spinner design is a very effective trout catcher. I love fishing Panther Martin Spinners for trout!Panther Martin Spinners – View on Amazon

Trolling Lures for Trout Fishing

The Pacific Northwest has such a wide range of fishable bodies of water where you can catch trout, often times a boat can help you be more effective. If you are fishing from a boat, all these lures are on the top of my list. Most of them have a great action because they are made of lightweight materials, and although they are not designed to be the best casting lures, if you troll them they can give you a rewarding day of trout fishing.

Wedding Ring Lure

When I was a kid, I went to Oregon with a friend’s family and we ended up at their cabin on the local lake’s trout opener. This was the first time I saw the awesome fish catching ability of the Wedding Ring. We couldn’t keep the Rainbow Trout off the standard red-bodied and silver-blade Wedding Ring. Over the years I have collected dozens of Wedding Ring colors and think it makes it to the top of my trout fishing lures if you are trolling. They work great bare, but if you can tip the hook with a kernel of corn you have a Kokanee/Trout killer, tip it with a worm and the Rainbows and Cutthroat won’t be able to resist! You can cut the hook off and replace it with a small fly if you want to change it up.Mack’s Wedding Ring – View on Amazon

Needlefish Spoon

Luhr Jensen’s Needlefish is a great trolling lure for trout. This thin metal spoon fishes well if you troll it behind a dodger or bare. I usually use these in larger lakes off a downrigger, but there is no reason they wouldn’t be effective on a small lake stocked recently with Rainbow Trout.

God’s Tooth Spoon

The God’s Tooth Spoon is the newest addition to my trout fishing tackle box. They have gained recent fame on the lakes surrounding my home near Seattle, and sure are effective! I troll these for Cutthroat Trout in Lake Washington, and Kokanee in other Seattle area lakes with pretty good results. As you can see, I prefer the 50/50 Silver/Gold and the Orange, but there are a number of other good looking colors I am eager to try out.Elgin God’s Tooth Spoon – View on Amazon

Dick Nite Spoon

This small lure has gained fame in Washington and Oregon as a great lure for Trout, Kokanee and even Salmon! The Dick Nite Spoon in Size 1 or 2 will work great in any trout boat fishing situation. Dick Nite Spoon – View on Bass Pro

Flicker Shad

I discovered Berkley’s Flicker Shad trout lures when I was looking for advice on fishing some of Washington’s larger lake systems. A friend suggested this one, because it does a great job of imitating salmon smolt and other forage fish, which Cutthroat and Rainbow Trout will gobble up. It immediately became one of my regular deployments whenever I was fishing on a lake with any salmon returns. Lots of great colors, but my favorite is the Silver/Black Back.Berkley Flicker Shad – View on Amazon

Hot Shot

Luhr Jensen Hot Shot’s are one of the original trout fishing plugs. Some of my very earliest fishing memories were of trolling around on the lake for trout with these. To this day, I always keep a few Hot Shot in Size 50, 60, 70 ready to go! They are best trolled slowly, and they have a very effective wiggle and dive that triggers an aggressive bite. Luhr Jensen Hot Shot – View on Amazon

Mag Lip 2.0 and 2.5

Yakima Bait Company’s newest trout fishing product is the Mag Lip Plug in the 2.0 and 2.5 sizes. This local Washington State company offers a really good assortment of color patterns for trout fishing. I prefer the Metallic Perch, Orange, Craw, Black Glitter and the Frog as my best colors. Make sure you have a few of these if you plan on fishing for trout out of a boat. Yakima Baits Mag Lip – View on Bass Pro

Original Rapala

The Rapala Original floaters are a great trout trolling lure. Attach a small plug snap to the end of your leader to give it a little more action. I prefer to flat-line troll these in smaller lakes. If I am fishing a larger body of water I may troll these off my downrigger as well. My preferred sizes are Size 3, 5 and 7 for starters. Rapala Original Floating – View on Amazon

Jointed Rapala

While the Original Rapala is one of the most widely recognized fishing lures in the entire world, the Jointed Rapala also gains a spot of my best trout fishing lures list. I think I might even prefer it to the Original. The joint gives this lure a unique action unmatched by any other lure on the list. For lakes from Idaho to Oregon and everywhere else in the Pacific Northwest, I’d recommend you start with a Size J-05 or J-07 and go larger if you are hunting for trophy trout.Rapala Jointed – View on Amazon

Trout Fishing Success!

Wherever you go trout fishing, there are bound to be locals. And some of these locals happed to be phenomenal anglers. Those proud few are usually most successful due to the time and effort they put in. If you go to a lake for the first time, it may seem a little challenging to find that perfect technique, lure set-up, troll speed, or location. But just remember that each day is a success, regardless of how many trout you have on the scoreboard. Every day on the water is a blessing, and also provides us with the benefit of another day of experience. If you aren’t already, you will be a great fisher with a little time invested. Good luck out there!

Related Post – Hiking for Mountain Trout in the Pacific Northwest

Since its inception in 1952, the .308 Win. has increasingly pilfered proponents of traditional deer hunting cartridges, such as the .270 Win. and .30-06 Springfield, and, thanks to .308 Win.-chambered “tactical” bolt-actions and modern sporting rifles (MSRs), next-generation hunters have flocked to the round, too. Due to its popularity, there’s now an abundance of ammunition (and component bullets) from which to choose for pursuing deer. Below are some of my personal favorites, and by selecting only seven, many good ones have been omitted. I also eschewed perennial favorites, such as the Core-Lokt, Power-Point and Ballistic Tip and instead opted for “different” options. Hopefully, you’ll find something new to try on your next deer hunt.

Barnes 130-grain TSX BTAmong the “gold-standard” combinations for deer hunting is the .270 Win. loaded with a quality 130-grain bullet. When loaded with the Barnes 130-grain Triple-Shock X-Bullet Boat Tail (TSX BT), you can best the downrange performance of Jack O’Connor’s baby, and with less perceived recoil to boot. With top velocities approaching 3,300 fps, the all-copper TSX BT shoots extremely flat—perfect for wide-open areas—and hits hard. Thanks to its monolithic construction, high weight retention is assured for deep penetration. Grooves in the bullet’s shank help reduce friction (and thus pressure), aid accuracy, and enable crimping. The projectile’s sole weakness is its ballistic coefficient, which is an atrocious .340; however, this can be somewhat overcome by high muzzle velocities. The Barnes 130-grain TSX BT is a handloading-only proposition right now.

Hornady 150-grain SSTThe Hornady .30 caliber, 150-grain Super Shock Tip (SST) is aptly named—fairly-hit deer expire extremely rapidly. I know this firsthand because I’ve employed it more frequently than all others on this list. Upon impact, the sharp, red polymer tip, which, when combined with a boattail base (and streamlined shape) results in a .415 BC, is forced rearward, initiating expansion. To prevent jacket-core separation during expansion—thereby reducing penetration—the jacket is mechanically locked to the 3-percent-antimony-lead core via the raised InterLock ring. Despite their cup-and-core design, only once have I recovered a 150-grain SST, and it was when fired from a .300 Wby. Mag. Beyond phenomenal terminal performance, SSTs are superbly accurate, too. They often rival match-grade bullets. Outside of handloading, 150-grain SST .308 Win. ammunition is offered by Hornady in its Custom and Superformance lines, and the projectile is loaded in Fiocchi Extrema and Black Hills Gold, too.

Sierra 150-grain GameKing SBTThere’s nothing flashy about Sierra’s .30 caliber, 150-grain GameKing Spitzer Boat Tail (SBT), and yet—unsurprisingly—the simple, cup-and-core-style bullet provides devastating terminal ballistics to down deer fast. Recovery distances of even the largest whitetails and mule deer are generally short (if they run at all), and the spent bullet will typically be nestled against the offside hide. It probably won’t be picture perfect—lacking a mechanical lock, jacket-core separation is a real possibility. This’ll matter not at all as you’re admiring your trophy; it did its job well. It always does. Perhaps the projectile’s only weakness is its modest BC of .380. That being said, since 150-grain GameKing SBTs are only about 30 cents each, you’ll be able to practice all year without “breaking the bank,” learning how to dial in elevation for that all-important shot. Or, just take your shot from a realistic range. At this point, these Sierra bullets are available for handloading and are also factory loaded by HSM in its GameKing line.

Hornady 150-grain GMXHunters who choose (or are required) to go leadless will find a great option in Hornady’s .30 caliber, 150-grain Gilding Metal eXpanding (GMX) bullet. Manufactured from copper alloy, the projectile has a polymer tip, boattail base, two relief grooves to reduce friction (and thus pressure), and fouling and aid accuracy. Expansion runs 1.5X the projectile’s pre-expansion diameter. Weight retention is upward of 95 percent, and penetration is extremely deep. It’s doubtful you’ll recover one from a broadside shot on a deer. In addition to an improved blood trail (i.e. exit hole), deep penetration offered by the GMX provides insurance for less-than-ideal shot placement. The .30 caliber, 150-grain GMX has a BC mimicking that of the like-weight SST. Outside of the biggest bears, this bullet will also work well for all North American species. It’s loaded by Hornady Superformance and Black Hills Gold.

Swift 150-grain Scirocco/Scirocco IIDeer hunters looking for a projectile that will expand reliably (upward of 2.5X) at long range, but hold up during a violent, close-range impact will find it in the Swift Scirocco/Scirocco II. Enabling said performance is a lead core that’s bonded to a tapered, extra-thick, copper jacket. In addition to aiding expansion, the polymer tip—when teamed with the secant ogive and 15 degree boattail base—create a streamlined bullet that sheds velocity slower than many of the other bullets in this list. The .30 caliber, 150-grain Scirocco II has a BC of .430. Like Hornady’s GMX, don’t expect to recover many Scirocco bullets from deer-size game, and it can be employed on all North American non-dangerous animals, too. That being said, if elk is on the menu, you might consider moving up to the 165-grain variant. Accuracy is often very good, though experimentation with seating depth will be necessary for best performance. As for the 150-grain version, outside of handloading, it’s only found in Swift High Grade Hunting Ammunition.

Nosler 165-grain PartitionThe grandfather of “premium” big-game bullets, Nosler’s Partition—the 165-grain variant in particular—is a top choice for hunting deer with the .308 Win.—especially if there’s an opportunity for black bear or elk, or if you’re a one-gun hunter. Featuring dual, lead-alloy cores separated by a cross member (or “partition”), the front core is washed away during expansion and serves to further enhance trauma, all while the rear portion drives deep. So deep, in fact, that seldom will you find one in anything but the largest game animals, such as elk. Like the GMX and Scirocco, the Partition provides a measure of insurance in case of a less-than-perfect shot or steep angle. Nosler’s 165-grain Partition is factory loaded in .308 Win. ammunition (Custom and Trophy Grade).

Norma 165-grain OryxFactory loaded by Norma USA (American PH), the flat-base, semi-spitzer, 165-grain Oryx features a heavily tapered, gilding metal jacket that is bonded to the lead core. This results in rapid expansion and high weight retention—bullets exhibiting ninety-percent-plus weight retention are commonplace. Given its blunter profile, this isn’t a bullet for shooting long range, but at all practical distances, it will hit hard and penetrate deep no matter what.

Only days before this piece was written I used the 165-grain Oryx to take a medium-size Virginia buck for the freezer. Catching it feeding in a hayfield undisturbed at 40 yards, the bullet entered mid-way up the left shoulder and exited around the last rib on the opposite side. The buck traveled about 60 yards before expiring. A post-mortem inspection revealed tremendous trauma—little wonder for its rapid demise. Given the performance and strength of this bullet, it would make a good one-load option for the hunter who hunts deer but also pursues bigger, tougher species, such as elk, or is going on safari.

There’s a plethora of bullets that are suitable for deer with the .308 Win. Hopefully this article will open your eyes to a few that you might not have previously considered.

Looking to learn how to train a bird dog?

My whole life I have grown up around dogs and spent time helping my Dad train our family Labradors. We never sent one to a professional trainer, as my dad always told me he finds it just as effective to use the dog’s natural instincts. Labrador retrievers are known for their long history of bird hunting and obviously, retrieving. With all of our family hunting dogs, I have witnessed and experienced how truly simple it can be to train a bird dog once YOU, the handler, learn how to work with that instinctual drive. In August of 2019, I adopted my very own black lab puppy named Goose. It has been a while since I trained up a bird dog, but Goose made me realize just how rewarding the process can be.

Introduction to Bird Dog Training: Unleashing the Potential

When it comes to training a bird dog, there’s more to it than meets the eye. It’s a captivating journey of nurturing instincts, building trust, and honing skills. Bird dog training is not just about transforming a dog into a hunting companion. It’s about unlocking their innate abilities and forming a bond that transcends the fields.

The Perfect Match: Breed Selection for Bird Dogs

Every great bird dog begins with the right breed. The world of bird dog enthusiasts encompasses a wide range of breeds, each with its own unique set of characteristics that make them exceptional hunting partners. From the energetic and versatile Labrador Retriever to the focused and steadfast German Shorthaired Pointer, the choices abound. Understanding the traits and tendencies of different breeds can help you make an informed decision that aligns with your hunting aspirations.

In the realm of bird dog training, various breeds have gained popularity due to their specific skill sets. Let’s explore a few notable contenders:

Labrador Retriever: The Versatile Companion

The Labrador Retriever, a true icon among bird dogs, has cemented its place as one of the most versatile hunting breeds. With a natural inclination for retrieving and an unwavering eagerness to please, this breed excels in both upland and waterfowl hunting. Their intelligence and trainability make them an ideal choice for novice trainers, while their gentle disposition and loyalty endear them to families as beloved companions.

German Shorthaired Pointer: The Agile Athlete

If agility and endurance are paramount, the German Shorthaired Pointer shines. This breed boasts remarkable speed, athleticism, and an innate ability to locate and point game birds. Their keen sense of smell and natural instinct to track make them adept at navigating various terrains, from dense cover to open fields. With their unwavering determination and boundless energy, they are a force to be reckoned with in the hunting world.

English Springer Spaniel: The Tenacious Flusher

The English Springer Spaniel is a breed revered for its exceptional flushing skills. Equipped with a keen nose and a knack for finding and startling game birds into flight, they excel in upland hunting. Their natural ability to locate and flush birds, coupled with their gentle nature and unwavering loyalty, makes them a popular choice among avid bird hunters seeking an enthusiastic and reliable companion.

Brittany Spaniel: The Agile All-Rounder

The Brittany Spaniel, often referred to as the “Brittany,” is a breed known for its remarkable versatility. With an inherent drive to hunt and a natural inclination for both pointing and retrieving, they are adept in a variety of hunting scenarios. The Brittany’s intelligence, agility, and willingness to please make them well-suited for hunters who desire a compact, adaptable partner that excels in both upland and waterfowl environments.

In the vast world of bird dog breeds, these are just a few notable examples. Each breed brings its unique strengths to the table, and the choice ultimately depends on the type of hunting you envision and the traits that resonate with you. Remember, finding the perfect match between breed and handler is an essential step towards a successful bird dog training journey.

Tips and tricks to help train up your first (or second, or third…) bird dog

Obedience

Dogs in general, especially labs, are born to please! Use that mindset when training your pup. Make lots of eye contact, use lots of small treats, and use as much praise as possible when they do the right thing. Focusing on basic obedience such as house training and “sit, lay down, stay, and come/here” commands are keys to building up a hunting dog. Goose was able to follow these commands and fetch a ball by the time he was 12 weeks old because his training was CONSISTENT, daily, and often. Use every interaction as an opportunity to train!

Practical Exercises

Take your pup out! Whether it’s for a swim or a long walk in the woods, not only are you bonding with your puppy, but you are also exposing them to the types of terrain and scents they will encounter while hunting. Buying bird scent of your choice (duck, goose, pheasant, grouse, etc…) and spreading it on a dummy or ball to throw or drag for your puppy to chase and retrieve is a great way to build their drive for birds. Another important subject to touch on is shooting…gun shy dogs can present a real problem in a hunting situation. To avoid this, try occasional target shooting with your dog present, but at a distance, and start with a low gauge/caliber gun. If possible, bring your pup to the local gun club on shooting nights to expose them to gunshots.

Training Aids

It doesn’t cost much to get the things you need to effectively train your puppy. Here is a quick list of a few things I use for Goose: Training treats, throwing dummy, tennis balls, assorted bird scent or wings saved from hunting season to wrap around throwing dummy, Sportdog Brand training collar (we started using this when he was about 5 months old), live birds (you may be able to find a dove or quail farm near you to purchase training birds).

Looking for more on hunting with dogs?

Patience

I know this is something you read in nearly every dog training article/book/website, but it is also the most important! Puppies have short attention spans, so you may need to cut training short if attention is lost, or be able to push through several failed attempts without expressing your frustrations to the pup. Keep in mind that some things will be harder for your pup to learn than others, but keep training fun and interesting, and always keep a positive attitude. Expressing anger with the puppy can only make things worse.

Today, Goose is a year and 2 months old, and he is already a beast of a bird hunter. The following few weeks after getting him, I spent at least 1 cumulative hour a day on obedience training such as following commands, waiting for his food, and housebreaking. By 3 months old, he came to North Dakota with my Dad and me on a duck hunting trip and was eager to follow around our older, more seasoned labs, and had his first water retrieve. At 5 months old we took him to game farms to pheasant hunt, and he found 100% of our paid for birds. Why am I telling you this? Because it’s all about exposure. Your puppy will only be as good as you want if you give him/her the opportunity to learn, make mistakes, and most importantly, have fun doing what their breed was born to do.

The Art of Retrieving: Techniques that Fetch Results

Retrieving is a fundamental skill for a bird dog. Teaching your canine companion to fetch objects lays the groundwork for their future success in the field. Here are three effective techniques to incorporate into your bird dog’s training regimen:

Dummy Training

Start by introducing your dog to retrieving using dummies or retrieving bumpers. These specialized training tools resemble birds or small game, and they allow your pup to practice picking up and delivering objects without harming real birds. Begin by tossing the dummy short distances and gradually increase the distance as your dog becomes more comfortable. Encourage them to retrieve and praise their success.

Scent Training

A crucial aspect of retrieving is teaching your bird dog to follow scents. Introduce the concept of scent by attaching a small bird wing or using bird scent products to the dummy. This helps associate the scent of game birds with the act of retrieving. Start by allowing your dog to sniff the scent and then hide or throw the scented dummy for them to find and retrieve. This exercise enhances their natural instincts and strengthens their ability to track game.

Introducing Live Birds

Once your dog has progressed in their training, it’s time to introduce live birds. This step should be approached with caution and consideration for the bird’s safety. Use game farm-bred birds or seek guidance from professional trainers to ensure humane practices. Start with clipped wings to limit flight and provide a controlled environment. Gradually increase the complexity of the retrieves, encouraging your dog to flush and retrieve the birds. This hands-on experience is invaluable for honing their hunting skills.

By incorporating these retrieving techniques into your training routine, you’ll help your bird dog develop the necessary skills and instincts to excel in the field.

Training a Bird Dog: Overcoming Challenges

Training a bird dog is an exhilarating journey filled with triumphs, but it’s not without its fair share of challenges. From distractions to disobedience, each dog presents unique hurdles to overcome. In this section, we’ll address common issues that may arise during bird dog training and provide practical tips for troubleshooting.

Tackling Distractions: Focusing Amidst Temptations

Distractions can pose a significant challenge during bird dog training. Dogs, especially those with a keen sense of smell and a curious nature, can easily get sidetracked by scents, sounds, or other animals. To combat distractions, follow these tips:

• Gradual Exposure: Introduce distractions gradually, starting with controlled environments. Increase the level of distraction over time as your dog becomes more focused and reliable in their obedience training.
• Positive Reinforcement: Use high-value treats and plenty of praise to reinforce desired behaviors. Reward your dog for maintaining focus and resisting distractions. This helps them associate focus and obedience with positive experiences.
• Redirect and Refocus: If your dog gets distracted, calmly redirect their attention back to you and the task at hand. Use cues or commands they are familiar with to regain their focus.

By consistently working on focus and gradually exposing your dog to distractions, you’ll help them develop the ability to concentrate even in the most tempting situations.

Dealing with Disobedience: Communication and Consistency

Disobedience is another hurdle to overcome in bird dog training. Dogs may test boundaries or exhibit stubbornness, making it important to address the issue promptly and effectively. Consider the following strategies:

• Clear Communication: Ensure your commands are clear, concise, and consistently reinforced. Use a firm, but not harsh, tone of voice to convey your expectations. Avoid confusing or conflicting commands that may lead to disobedience.
• Consistency: Dogs thrive on routine and consistency. Maintain a structured training schedule and enforce rules consistently. Reinforce desired behaviors and promptly correct any disobedience.
• Positive Reinforcement: Focus on rewarding good behavior rather than solely punishing disobedience. Use treats, praise, and playtime as positive reinforcement tools to motivate and encourage your dog to comply with commands.

By establishing clear communication, maintaining consistency, and utilizing positive reinforcement techniques, you’ll be on your way to overcoming disobedience challenges during training.

Unlocking the Retrieve: Strategies for Success

Difficulty in retrieving can be a common stumbling block during bird dog training. Some dogs may be hesitant or reluctant to fetch objects, hindering their progress in becoming proficient retrievers. Here are some techniques to encourage and improve the retrieve:

• Patience and Persistence: Retrieving may not come naturally to all dogs, so patience is key. Break down the retrieve into smaller steps and reward incremental progress. Celebrate even the smallest efforts to build your dog’s confidence.
• Retrieving Games: Make retrieving fun and engaging by incorporating games. Use toys or dummies that your dog enjoys and gradually increase the complexity of the retrieves. Play interactive games that involve fetching and returning objects to you.
• Scent Association: Enhance the retrieve by associating scents with the objects. Introduce bird scent or hide scented objects to pique your dog’s interest and strengthen their drive to retrieve.
• Retrieve with a Purpose: Connect the retrieve to real-life hunting scenarios. Start with simple retrieves in familiar environments, then progress to more challenging situations. By making the retrieve meaningful, your dog will understand its importance in the hunting context.

With consistent practice, patience, and creative approaches, you can overcome difficulties in retrieving and unlock your bird dog’s full potential.

A Healthy Bird Dog: Nutrition, Exercise, and Care

A crucial aspect of training a bird dog goes beyond obedience and retrieving skills. It lies in ensuring the health and well-being of your loyal companion. In this section, we’ll explore the vital role of nutrition, exercise, and regular veterinary care in maintaining a robust and thriving bird dog.

The Power of Nutrition: Fueling Optimal Performance

Proper nutrition plays a pivotal role in supporting your bird dog’s overall health and performance. Just like athletes, these energetic canines require a well-balanced diet to fuel their active lifestyle. Here’s what you need to know:

• Quality Ingredients: Choose high-quality dog food specifically formulated for active breeds. Look for brands that prioritize animal-based proteins, healthy fats, and essential nutrients.
• Protein for Muscle Development: Protein is vital for muscle growth and repair. Ensure your dog’s diet includes sufficient amounts of lean meat, fish, or poultry as a source of quality protein.
• Healthy Fats: Healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids, promote optimal brain function and coat health. Incorporate sources like fish oil or flaxseed into your dog’s diet.
• Carbohydrates for Energy: Carbohydrates provide the necessary energy for your bird dog’s active lifestyle. Opt for complex carbohydrates like whole grains and vegetables.
• Hydration: Always provide fresh water for your dog to prevent dehydration, especially during training sessions or outdoor activities.

Remember, consult with your veterinarian to determine the appropriate portion sizes and feeding schedule based on your dog’s age, breed, and activity level. Regular monitoring of your bird dog’s weight and adjusting their diet accordingly is essential for maintaining optimal health.

Exercise: Key to Physical and Mental Well-Being

Exercise is not only crucial for physical fitness but also for the mental well-being of your bird dog. Engaging in regular physical activities helps release excess energy and promotes a balanced temperament. Consider the following:

• Daily Exercise Routine: Establish a consistent exercise routine that includes activities like brisk walks, jogging, swimming, or retrieving exercises. Aim for at least 30 minutes to an hour of exercise per day, depending on your dog’s age and breed.
• Mental Stimulation: Engage your bird dog in mental exercises to keep their minds sharp. Puzzle toys, scent games, and obedience training sessions can provide the mental challenges they need.
• Variety and Socialization: Vary the types of exercise and introduce new environments to keep things interesting for your bird dog. Socialize them with other dogs and people to foster their social skills.

By providing regular exercise and mental stimulation, you’ll not only enhance your bird dog’s physical fitness but also strengthen the bond between you and your canine companion.

Veterinary Care: Ensuring Longevity and Well-Being

Regular veterinary care is essential for maintaining the long-term health and well-being of your bird dog. Here are some key aspects to consider:

• Vaccinations and Preventive Care: Keep your bird dog up to date on vaccinations and preventive treatments for parasites, such as fleas, ticks, and heartworm. Consult with your veterinarian to establish an appropriate vaccination and preventive care schedule.
• Annual Check-ups: Schedule annual wellness exams to assess your dog’s overall health, identify any potential issues early on, and receive professional guidance on nutrition and training.
• Dental Health: Pay attention to your bird dog’s dental hygiene. Regular brushing, dental treats, and annual dental cleanings can help prevent dental diseases.
• Spaying or Neutering: Consider spaying or neutering your bird dog unless you plan on breeding. This procedure can prevent certain health issues and unwanted behaviors.

Remember, your veterinarian is your partner in ensuring the well-being of your bird dog.

Here are some answers to your most common questions on how to train a bird dog:

What breeds are commonly used as bird dogs?

Bird dogs are commonly trained from breeds such as Labrador Retrievers, German Shorthaired Pointers, English Setters, Brittany Spaniels, and Pointers.

How do I choose the right breed for bird dog training?

When choosing a breed for bird dog training, consider factors such as the breed’s temperament, energy level, size, hunting instincts, and compatibility with your lifestyle and hunting preferences.

What are some tips for training a bird dog in obedience?

To train a bird dog in obedience, establish a consistent routine, use positive reinforcement techniques, break training into manageable steps, be patient and persistent, and seek professional guidance if needed.

What are practical exercises I can do with my bird dog to build their hunting skills?

Practical exercises to build hunting skills include scent training, introducing birds, practicing retrieves, fieldwork with simulated hunting scenarios, and gradually exposing the dog to different hunting environments.

What training aids are recommended for bird dog training?

Recommended training aids for bird dog training include bird launchers, scent dummies, check cords, retrieving bumpers, training collars, whistles, and training scents.

How can I address distractions during bird dog training?

To address distractions during bird dog training, start in a controlled environment, gradually increase distractions, use positive reinforcement to redirect focus, and reinforce basic commands in different scenarios.

What should I do if my bird dog shows disobedience during training?

If a bird dog shows disobedience during training, stay calm and assertive, review basic commands, reinforce training fundamentals, adjust training methods if necessary, and consult a professional trainer for guidance.

What techniques can I use to improve my bird dog’s retrieving skills?

To improve retrieving skills, utilize positive reinforcement, introduce retrieving drills, gradually increase difficulty, encourage natural instincts, use retrieving bumpers or dummies, and establish a consistent training routine.

How important is nutrition for a bird dog’s performance?

Nutrition plays a crucial role in a bird dog’s performance. Provide a balanced diet rich in high-quality protein, healthy fats, and essential nutrients to support energy levels, muscle development, and overall health.

What kind of exercise routine is recommended for a bird dog?

A bird dog should have a regular exercise routine that includes daily walks, free playtime, structured training sessions, and opportunities for mental stimulation. The routine should be tailored to the dog’s age, breed, and energy level.

How can I provide mental stimulation for my bird dog?

To provide mental stimulation, incorporate puzzle toys, interactive games, scent work, obedience training, retrieving exercises, and regular exposure to new environments and experiences.

What is the importance of regular veterinary care for a bird dog?

Regular veterinary care is essential for a bird dog’s health and well-being. It includes vaccinations, preventive treatments for parasites, routine check-ups, dental care, and early detection of any health issues to ensure optimal performance and longevity.

Bottom Line? Instinct is what makes your puppy the bird dog that it will grow up to be. Your puppy wants to make you happy…let it. They to be praised…reward it. Your puppy wants to explore…take it out. Your puppy wants to smell things…give it a scent to follow.

And always remember, your dog doesn’t just work for you, you work for your dog as well. What are your tips for training a bird dog?

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The giant bull dolphin struck the skirted ballyhoo rig with a vengeance, catching the fishermen by surprise. They were already locked in battle with two other large dolphins. Half an hour later, the big bull lay on the bloody deck of Salty Intentions, a 25-foot Contender owned and captained by Michael Bell. His friend James Roberts caught the fish using a Star Rods Aerial Stand-Up Rod paired with a Penn Squall 16VS reel.

Angler James Roberts (L) and Michael Cahoon (R) with new Georgia state record Mahi-Mahi.

Bell and Roberts had been fishing with Michael Cahoon, Shaun Bragg and James Bashlor approximately 90 miles off the Georgia coast when they landed the prize mahi-mahi on April 26. The Georgia DNR officially certified the fish to weigh 68-pounds, 1.6-ounces—a new state record.

Mahi-mahi, also known as dolphinfish, dolphin and dorado, typically range from 10 pounds to 30 pounds when boated. The world record mahi-mahi, caught off the coast of Costa Rica in 1976, tipped the scales at 87 pounds. The previous Georgia state record for mahi-mahi was 67-pounds, 9.6-ounces, caught by fisherman Will Owens in 2019.

Run to the Gulf Stream

St. Catherines Sound is located on Midway River, between St. Catherines Island and Ossabow Island, approximately 28 miles south of Savannah, Georgia. For more than 20 years, Captain Michael Bell has been making the 80-plus-mile trip from the sound to the Gulf Stream, where he chases tuna, wahoo, mahi-mahi and other bluewater gamefish.

The long distance requires an extra early start, so on April 26, the group of anglers met at Captain Bell’s house at 2:00 am. They left the Georgia DNR Demere Creek Ramp onboard Salty Intentions around 3:30 am, heading east toward the Triple Ledge in the darkness.

“We’ll go to the Triple Ledge and try to catch a wahoo and a blackfin tuna to start out. They normally hang out on that ledge, so we’ll put out some wahoo and tuna gear,” Bell says.

Trolling Triple Ledge

Breezy conditions that day limited the Contender, which is powered by twin 200-hp Yamaha outboard motors, to a top speed of 30 miles per hour. The sun had just started to rise when the group reached the Triple Ledge. They began trolling along the structure and soon caught a pair of amberjacks down deep using a planer. After catching a few mahi near the ledge, they decided to run further offshore. Captain Bell scanned the horizon, looking for a temperature break, weed line, feeding birds—anything that would hold fish or indicate feeding fish.

At around 400-feet deep, the fishermen crossed a long weed line that a couple of boats were already working. After scanning the area, they continued on until they reached a depth of 1,800 feet. Despite a thorough search, they couldn’t find any fish, so Bell decided to head toward the Deli Ledge. On the way, they again crossed a weed line in about 400- to 450-feet of water, approximately 85 to 90 miles offshore.

“I’m assuming it was the same rip that I had seen south of there, so we stopped on that rip and then we set out a spread,” Bell recalls. “We didn’t do anything for the first few minutes, and then the next thing you know, the bite was on.”

The Salty Intentions crew had found a Mahi motherlode.

Fish box aboard Salty Intentions filled with the days catch, including the new state record dolphin fish.

“They just started tearing it up. I had a Squid Nation bucket dredge out and it got to where we were catching so many fish that I couldn’t even run it, so I put that in the boat,” Bell says. “We started tearing the dolphin up. We caught dolphin nonstop, all day. We loaded the boat with dolphin.”

Monster Mahi-Mahi

Shortly after 2:30 that afternoon, a double-header of dolphin hit the starboard long and short riggers. Bell slowed the boat in order to manage the spread while they fought the two fish. On the opposite side of the boat, James Roberts grabbed a rod and began to reel in line in order to free up room for the other anglers. That’s when a large bull dolphin hit the skirted ballyhoo—and then dropped it.

“When I picked the rod up, I snatched it out of the outrigger. It fell back probably two seconds before the boat’s momentum caught up with that lure and started snatching it again. That activated that fish. I don’t know where he came from—but he came from hell, buddy. He came out of the water and knocked the bait out of the water twice,” Roberts says. “Each time he’s doing it, Captain Bell kept hollering, “Drop it back! Drop it back!” I would hit the free spool, drop 30 to 50 feet back, lock it back down and it snatched it again.”

Similar to sailfish and other gamefish, mahi-mahi will often initially strike a bait and drop it. They will then circle back and, if the bait appears to be dead, proceed to try to eat it.

Captain. Michael Bell with state record fish.

“The fish hit it, struck out and commenced to peeling drag,” Bell remembers. “At this point, we got a triple hookup. We’ve got two mid-20s dolphins on the right side of the boat and him on the left side of the boat and it’s burning out. I see the fish charging away and it was a huge bull dolphin. I had no earthly clue that it was that big. I just knew it was a nice one. I’m thinking an upper 40s fish, just a really nice bull dolphin.”

As Roberts continued to fight the monster Mahi, the rest of the crew cleared the remaining empty rods and finally landed the other two fish. Everyone then focused on the Mahi that Roberts was tangling with.

“We reeled him in and he burned the drag out. We finally got him in sight. We got off the braid and onto the mono. I usually run about 60 yards of mono on there,” Bell said. “You could see him out there. He was like a giant planer board. You couldn’t make up ground with him when he turned sideways in that current, so I had to start easing in his direction and we’d reel up to him.”

Bell handed the wheel over to James Bashlor, another seasoned fishing boat captain who was fishing onboard Salty Intentions that day. Bell then grabbed a gaff and continued to coach Roberts who had been fighting the big fish for nearly 30 minutes.

“It was straight battle. It wasn’t no playing alongside the boat. His ass was back there tailing and walking and hauling ass,” Roberts says. “He kept taking line. I just kept fighting him back in until he finally wore out.”

Captain Bell gaffed the mahi, but the tip of the gaff accidentally lodged in the boat’s rub rail, leaving the fish hanging precariously over the water. Roberts grabbed a second gaff and hooked the fish in the tail. At the same time, Bell finally cleared the boat’s rub rail with his gaff and slung the mahi into the boat. That’s when the fishermen realized that they possibly had a record mahi on their hands. They stowed their gear and Bell set a course for St. Catherines Sound sea buoy, which was 94 miles away at that point.

“It was literally the best fishing trip I think anybody on that boat had ever had in their life,” Bell says. “We caught 44 dolphin that day, and we had some monsters. We had that state record, but we had several fish in the 40s and a ton of fish in the 30s. It was epic. We had five 60-quart coolers full of fillets.”

After returning to shore, the fishermen had the mahi officially weighed at the Georgia DNR Richmond Hill Fish Hatchery. Although James Roberts will go into the record book, he credits everyone on board for making the catch possible, especially Captain Michael Bell.

“I attribute this entire day to Captain Bell and his crew because he’s got his shit together. He knows what he’s doing. I’ve been fishing offshore off and on for over 20 years, and I’ve never had the pleasure of fishing with people as good as Captain Bell,” Roberts says. “We caught 44 fish that day. Ninety percent of the dolphin we caught tail-walked across the water, so it was a thrill all day long.”

Star Rods Continues to Set Records

Michael Bell began using Star Rods exclusively onboard Salty Intentions after fishing with the rods on James Bashlor’s boat.

“Honestly, I love them. They’re a fantastic rod for the money in comparison to other rods,” Bell says. “My rods are three years old now and I haven’t missed a beat with them. I troll the Gulf Stream with them. I also bottom fish with them. I’ve caught a truckload of fish on those rods—big sharks. I got videos and pictures of 200- to 300-pound sharks that we caught while we were bottom fishing with those rods. Not to mention huge red snapper, grouper and 30- to 40-plus pound amberjacks. I mean I’ve worked them.”

Both Bell and Roberts are quick to praise the Star Rods Aerial Stand-Up Rod that landed the new Georgia state-record mahi. The six-foot Star Rods EX1530C6 features a medium action and a line rating of 15-30 lbs.

“It didn’t let me down at all. That’s all that he’s got on his boat is Star Stand-Up with Penn 16VS’s and I was impressed,” Roberts says. “I had no problem at all fighting that fish. I believe that rod could have handled something twice that size.”

Learn more about Star Rods and find an Official Star Rods Dealer at StarFishingTackle.com

17 WSM: Is the Rimfire Speed King Worth It?

Designed and produced in 2002, the 17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire is pretty new in terms of cartridges, but there is an even newer kid on the block. The 17 Winchester Super Mag (WSM), has been in production since 2013 and is attempting to cut out a piece of the marketplace for a faster 17, and since the cases are made from nail blanks, they’re pretty inexpensive (very similar in cost to 17 HMR.) But is it fast enough?

Price update Sept 2022: 17 HMR is going for about $25 per box of 50 while 17 WSM is pretty close at about $30 per box.

Performance Comparison: Trajectory and Drift

The 17 WSM sends a 20 grain bullet out at 3000 fps, whereas the HMR is sending a 17 grain bullet at 2550 fps. That makes for some difference in the field, with the HMR granting an MPBR of 165 yards, whereas the WSM can do it with 205 yards (I’m running calculations for gopher-sized targets). That’s an extra 40 yards of non-adjusted range. More impressive is the wind drift difference. With a 10 mph crosswind, at 100 yards the WSM will drift 1.6 inches vs the HMR at 3.1 inches over. That could be the difference between a hit and a miss.

Quick numbers: (MPBR is for gophers: vertical target size of 3″)

• 17 WSM 20 grain: 3000 FPS: .185BC: MPBR: 205 yards Energy: 400 ft-lbs
• 17 WSM 25 grain: 2600 FPS: .23BC: MPBR: 186 yards Energy: 375 ft-lbs
• 17 HMR 17 grain: 2550 FPS: .128BC: MPBR: 165 yards Energy: 245 ft-lbs

Performance Comparison: Energy

This is the big difference here. The 17 WSM makes for a decent coyote gun, carrying more energy much further, and the 25 grain bullet gives an option for more weight/penetration of larger varmints. I think the 204 Ruger and 223 Rem are better pure coyote rounds, but the 17 WSM offers a very inexpensive option for coyote control.

Downsides of 17 WSM

I’m going to bullet these out (ha!):

• Availability. It doesn’t have mass support, and you won’t find boxes of it at your local hardware store. In fact, depending where you live, you might not be able to find any at all.
• Ammo selection: Only Winchester makes the ammo so far. If your rifle doesn’t like either the 20 or 25 grain Winchester rounds, tough luck. Accuracy gremlins may be tied to the quality of ammo as well. “Accuracy at 100 yards with the 25-grain bullets was a bit over an inch; the results of the groups with the 20-grain load were too awful to print in a family magazine.” – John B. Snow article on the Winchester 1885 in Outdoor life. ***Oct 21, 2014 edit: Hornady has announced they are coming out with a 20 grain V-Max load for the 17 WSM.***
• The ammo boxes are big and bulky compared with 17 HMR boxes.
• Very few rifles are available in 17 WSM.
  • The Savage B.Mag
  • Volquartsen has a semi-auto 17 WSM
  • Franklin Armoury’s semi-auto F17-L
  • Winchester 1885 Low Wall Hunter
• Slightly louder
• May die out as soon as other rimfire ammo becomes readily available again. 17 WSM has yet to be firmly established and if none of the other ammo manufacturers end up making it, you might end up with a rifle or ammo that is discontinued or only supported by Winchester.

So, is 17 WSM Worth it?

At this point, 17 WSM is where a lot of new rounds and rifles find themselves: encountering teething problems and in that “will it become a thing or not” area. If you love staying at the leading edge of technology, this is it but be prepared to pay for being at the bleeding edge. Just because your new rifle and cartridge is better on paper than your buddy’s, doesn’t mean that you’ll outperform them in the field and you might end up dealing with growing pains.

Still not sure about these magnum rimfire rounds? Check out my article on the 17HMR vs 22LR.

Want to do your own MPBR calculations? Check out this calculator.

Researching rifle scopes, you’ll probably stumble across a few terms that may leave you scratching your head…

First focal plane and second focal plane, a.k.a. FFP and SFP.

If you’ve seen these terms, you’ve likely also noticed considerable price differences, reticle differences, and beyond.

That may leave you wondering, what’s the big deal? Why such a difference?

Luckily, we know our optics around here.

So, in this article, we’re taking on FFP versus SFP. We’ll lay out the definitions of these two, what they mean for the inside of your optic, and which might be the best option for your rifle.

When we’re through, you’ll confidently know the difference between FFP and SFP and which one deserves your hard-earned cash.

Let’s get to it!

Understanding Subtensions

Before we dive into the difference between FFP and SFP, we need to first talk about subtensions…because they’re important!

Have you ever looked inside your optic to see hash marks or circles?

Well, those are subtensions, and we use them for windage and ballistic drop of a projectile.

They allow you to use holdovers to estimate bullet drop and windage.

Those subtensions are a specific size, so shooters can account for windage and ballistic drop at various ranges.

With that out of the way, let’s dive into FFP and SFP…

FFP vs. SFP

Let’s clarify that we’re looking exclusively at variable-powered optics when talking about FFP and SFP.

First Focal Plane

FFP, or first focal plane, has grown in popularity though they are somewhat new.

First focal plane scopes house the reticle assembly near the front of the magnification erector assembly.

The erector assembly houses your magnification component, and the reticle sits in front of it.

You’ll likely see most high-end optics companies offering FFP optics.

With first focal plane optics, the reticle size changes as the magnification increases and decreases.

FFP optics keep the measurements of the reticle accurate at any magnification range.

FFP’s use of reticle subtensions at every magnification setting is the FFP’s biggest advantage, my friends.

With high-powered optics, like 6-24X and beyond, this becomes extremely valuable.

Making on the fly windage and elevation calls is invaluable!

When it comes to reticles that use ballistic drop compensation, a first focal plane scope is a must-have.

This allows on-the-fly ballistic drop compensation without the worry or need for finding the right magnification setting.

Another big advantage is that at higher magnification levels, the subtensions are accurate and easy to see.

FFP scopes have some downsides, though.

At close range, the reticle can appear very small and hard to see. Combine that with low light issues, and the reticle can get awfully hard to see.

For lower-powered optics, the usefulness of an FFP reticle declines.

Second Focal Plane

SFP, or second focal plane, optics house the reticle behind the erector tube assembly.

SFP optics tend to feature affordable price tags while offering comparative specs in quality, magnification, durability, etc.

With second focal plane optics, the reticle remains the same size throughout its magnification range.

Consequently, the reticle’s various subtensions aren’t accurate through the range of magnification.

Often SFP scopes have a specific magnification in which these measurements are accurate.

That magnification range is often the highest setting but can vary between manufacturers. So, it’s wise to check the manual to be sure.

You can also do a little math with an SFP scope and various magnification ratings to come up with accurate measurements.

These optics use highly visible reticles at every magnification setting. This makes the optic easier to use at lower powered settings.

With low powered optics, like 1-4X optics, an SFP reticle is easy to use for close-range shooting. It’s big, easy to see, and fast.

The downsides are apparent.

SFP subtensions suffer at every magnification range but one. This makes higher-powered SFP optics nowhere near as fast or as useful for on-the-fly long-range shots.

You Should Definitely Buy…

FFP optics are surely the better choice, right?

Well, it’s never that simple, y’all.

FFP and SFP are important, sure, but they shouldn’t be the only factor to consider when shopping for scopes.

You also should look at overall scope quality — including clarity, durability, and reticle design.

On top of that, think about the optic’s purpose and at what ranges you’ll use it.

That will help guide your hand and selection between FFP and SFP.

When to Buy an SFP

If you want a lower-powered LPVO, then SFP is the way to go.

The bigger reticle is faster for close-range shots, and long-range shots will max out the magnification, so the subtensions are accurate.

A 1-4 or 1.5-5 is perfect with an SFP reticle design.

This is especially true when paired with a little carbine in a pistol caliber or something like a 10.5-inch barreled AR.

These are not long-range firearms by any means and work best in close quarters shooting where speed rules.

The bigger SFP reticles are fast at close range because they tend to be bigger than most.

Hunting is another realm where SFP is important.

Humane hunting ranges are not going to involve much bullet drop. Therefore, the accuracy of subtensions or even their presence is silly.

When a hunter chooses an optic, they need to consider not only their furthest shot but their closest shot.

Close shots often rely on speed, and big reticles are fast reticles.

There is a good argument for SFP optics for 3-Gun and USPSA PCC.

The ranges these competitors engage at are rarely long, and the need for ballistic drop estimation is often unnecessary.

Need some suggestions? Check out our roundup of the Best 1-6x Scopes & LPVO.

When to Buy an FFP Optic

First focal plane scopes are the optic of choice for snipers and designated marksmen. In those roles, precision is critical.

The FFP optics are the best choice for duty grade use and when you need to reach out and touch a target with extreme accuracy.

FFP scopes also fit very well into Precision Rifle Series matches.

These scopes dominate this field because the ranges are so varied. Competitors need to place accurate shots at different ranges while compensating for wind and drop.

If you want to shoot long range almost exclusively, then go for an FFP optic over an SFP.

If you need some suggestions, we have you covered. Check out our list of the Best Long Range Rifle Scopes.

Conclusion

Whether you want the close range SFP offers or want to reach out to further distances with FFP, knowing the difference between FFP and SFP optics will help you get the most out of your shooting experience.

SFP or FFP, which do you prefer? Let us know in the comments below. Ready to start nailing down which optics to buy? Head over to our Gun Scopes & Optics page where you will find all the articles you need to choose your next optic.