Robert A. Pierce IIFisheries and Wildlife State SpecialistSchool of Natural Resources

Emily FlinnResource ScientistMissouri Department of Conservation

White-tailed deer are susceptible to a variety of diseases, parasites and injuries. Although these conditions do not account for a large percentage of annual statewide deer mortality (typically less than 5 percent), in some situations disease or parasite outbreaks can impact a deer herd locally or regionally.

Infectious diseases of deer can be caused by pathogens that include some viruses, bacteria, parasites and abnormal proteins known as prions. In rare instances, these pathogens are the cause of disease epidemics that result in significant mortality in a local population. These outbreaks are most common in herds with high deer density, which can increase the spread of the disease.

Fortunately, disease and parasite outbreaks seldom impact the quality of venison or make it unsuitable for consumption.

This guide provides an overview of the diseases, parasites and injuries that can affect free-ranging white-tailed deer in Missouri.

Diseases

Viral diseases

Hemorrhagic diseaseHemorrhagic disease is an infectious disease of white-tailed deer, with outbreaks occurring sporadically in Missouri. Hemorrhagic disease (HD) includes both epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue (BTV) viruses. These diseases are very closely related and produce similar symptoms in deer.

Several species within the deer family are susceptible to the HD viruses, including white-tailed, mule and black-tailed deer. Domestic ruminants such as cattle and goats show no signs of illness or only mild signs when infected. In contrast, domestic sheep may develop severe illness when infected with the bluetongue virus.

HD is transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides, thus disease outbreaks tend to occur from August to October, when midges are most abundant. The disease may go unnoticed in the wild because deer carcasses quickly decompose and are consumed by scavengers. Some infected deer may not show obvious symptoms; others may die in one to three days. Typical symptoms include fever; excessive salivation; swollen neck, tongue or eyelids; sloughed or interrupted growth of hooves; reduced activity; and emaciation (significant weight loss). Because sick deer are feverish, they are often found near water (Figure 1). However, in Missouri most deer that contract HD die quickly because they don’t have antibodies to fight the disease like deer in the southeast United States.

In Missouri, the severity and distribution of HD is highly variable. High-density deer herds may exhibit higher mortality rates due to increased contact between individuals, which allows infected midges to transfer from one deer to another. Incidence of the disease has ranged from a few scattered mild cases to dramatic outbreaks. Mortality rates during these outbreaks are usually below 20 percent; however, losses of up to 50 percent have been documented.

Not all infected deer will die from HD. The most common evidence that deer have survived the disease is from the sloughing, or cast and regrowth of hooves. These deer generally remain in good condition, and the hoof sloughing is simply a residual effect of the disease. In some cases, deer develop sores on their tongues, dental pads or insides of their cheeks. Their overall heath and condition will vary from excellent to poor depending on the severity of the secondary infection.

Humans are not at risk by handling or eating venison from an infected deer. Eating the meat of deer that have recovered from the disease poses no health hazard. However, deer may have developed secondary bacterial infections due to HD and thus, may not be suitable for consumption. If you find a dead deer and the cause of death is not apparent, report it to your local conservation agent (http://mdc.mo.gov/contact-us).

Figure 1In Missouri, deer infected with hemorrhagic disease often die quickly and are found near water.

Cutaneous fibromasCutaneous fibromas are wart-like growths caused by a virus that often infects deer through an open wound or insect bite. These growths can cover large portions of the body, but they are usually small, occur in single or multiple growths and range from a fraction of an inch to several inches in diameter. Fibromas are a more common occurrence in bucks because they are more likely to incur wounds while fighting and when rubbing antlers.

Although sometimes grotesque in appearance, fibromas generally do no harm to deer, unless they interfere with a deer’s sight or capability to eat. The virus does not infect other wild or domestic animals, or humans. Fibromas are confined to the skin and, therefore, are removed when the deer is processed for consumption. Thus, they do not affect or impact the quality of the venison.

Although sometimes grotesque in appearance, fibromas generally do no harm to deer, unless they interfere with a deer’s sight or capability to eat. The virus does not infect other wild or domestic animals, or humans. Fibromas are confined to the skin and, therefore, are removed when the deer is processed for consumption. Thus, they do not affect or impact the quality of the venison.

Bacterial diseases

Brain abscessesBrain abscesses are bacterial infections in the skull and brain. In white-tailed deer, brain abscesses most often occur in bucks (90 percent of cases) and are often seasonal, primarily due to the stages of antler development and fighting. During antler drop (casting) or severe fighting with other bucks, infections can develop on the skull near the pedicle, resulting in a brain abscess (Figure 2).

In the southeastern United States, brain abscesses are estimated to account for about 10 percent of natural mortality of mature bucks. Infection symptoms may include poor coordination, circling movements, blindness, lethargy (significant lack of energy) and emaciation.

The meat of a deer with a brain abscess is not suitable for human consumption.

Figure 2Brain abscesses are more commonly found in mature bucks due to intense fighting. In this photo, green pus indicates the infected area of the brain.

Lyme disease Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium (Borrelia burgdorferi) that is spread by certain tick species. The blacklegged tick (deer tick) is the primary species that transmits Lyme disease. Although deer and other wildlife can serve as a host for this tick species, they do not transmit the disease.

The life cycle of infection and the process of disease transmission begins during the spring, when tick eggs hatch into the larvae stage. During the summer, the larvae feed on several host species, including mice, squirrels, raccoons, rabbits and white-tailed deer. In the fall, the larvae mature into the nymph stage. The nymphs hibernate over winter. During the spring and summer, the nymphs are active and prefer to feed on mice, which serve as the reservoir (an immune host) for the disease.

No cases of humans contracting Lyme disease through the handling or consumption of venison have even been documented. Refer to the Ticks section below for precautions to take to minimize your exposure to ticks when handling deer.

Chronic wasting diseaseChronic wasting disease (CWD) belongs to a separate group of diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). TSEs cause brain degeneration in deer, elk and moose. The disease was first detected in a captive mule deer facility in Colorado in 1967 and since has been documented in free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer, elk and moose in several states.

The first deer that tested positive for CWD were found a few miles from a CWD-positive captive-hunting preserve in north-central Missouri in 2012. Since that year, CWD has been slowly spreading to other locations in Missouri and the number of deer testing positive have increased. Each year, the Missouri Department of Conservation tests a sample of the state’s deer population from hunter harvested deer for the disease. CWD testing has two main goals: detect the disease as early as possible in new locations and monitor changes in disease occurrence over time. Focusing testing on adult males increases the likelihood of finding CWD in new areas. Within CWD Management Zone counties (counties within 10-miles of CWD detections), a greater number of samples are collected, due mostly to “mandatory sampling” on opening weekend of fall firearms season. More detailed information on CWD surveillance and locations in the state that require mandatory sampling can be found on the Missouri Department of Conservation website.

The symptoms of CWD-infected deer include a change in the animal’s natural behavior, emaciation, excessive salivation, lethargy, stumbling and tremors. The disease is always fatal to the infected animal, but symptoms can take months or years to appear. Diagnosis can only be confirmed by laboratory examination of brain or lymph node tissue of an animal (Figure 3).

The movement and transportation of captive live animals, hunter-harvested deer or carcasses are the greatest risk factors for the spread of CWD into new areas. Natural movements of free-ranging deer can also contribute to the spread of the disease.

Once the disease is established, CWD spreads through animal-to-animal or soil-to-animal contact. Unfortunately, CWD can persist in the environment for a long time. Activities intended to concentrate deer to a location, such as feeding and placement of minerals or salt, are discouraged because direct and indirect contact at these locations can promote the transmission of the disease.

CWD tends to exhibit a clumped distribution on the landscape centered on the point of introduction. The targeted culling of deer near CWD-positive locations is one management strategy that may help limit the increase of CWD prevalence within a population. Additionally, minimizing the unnatural concentration of deer at feeding and mineral sites can reduce the risk of spreading CWD.

Chronic wasting disease is not seen as a human-health issue. The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have determined there is no evidence CWD can infect people. According to the Missouri Department of Agriculture, there is no evidence that CWD can spread from an infected animal to domestic livestock, such as sheep or cattle. The Missouri Department of Conservation continues to sample deer for CWD. If you observe or harvest a sickly deer, please contact the Missouri Department of Conservation. You can learn more about CWD at http://mdc.mo.gov/CWD.

Figure 3To test for CWD, the retropharyngeal lymph nodes, the obex of the brain or both are collected and sent for testing.

Parasites

Nematodes

Arterial wormsArterial worms live in the arteries of white-tailed deer. Deer contract arterial worms when bitten by infected horseflies. Infections can result in food being impacted under the tongue causing facial swelling, with occasional tooth loss and jawbone degeneration (Figure 4). However, deer infected with a small number of worms will not exhibit symptoms. Arterial worms pose no threat to humans, and the venison of infected deer is safe for consumption.

Figure 4This area on the deer jawbone appears to be infected by an arterial worm.

LungwormsAs their name implies, lungworms infect the lungs. Only deer with severe lungworm infections exhibit symptoms, which include emaciation, respiratory distress (trouble breathing) and lethargy. Lungworm infections commonly occur in fawns in high deer density areas. The presence of this parasite provides additional motivation for maintaining deer population densities below an area’s biological carrying capacity. Lungworms pose no health threat to humans, and the venison of infected deer is safe for consumption.

Arthropods

TicksAbout 18 tick species have been reported to infect white-tailed deer. The three species most commonly found on deer in Missouri are the lone star, blacklegged (deer tick) and American dog ticks (Figure 5).

In most cases, deer infected with ticks do not show any symptoms, and tick infections rarely lead to death. However, deer with severe tick infections may experience irritated skin around the tick site, weight loss and secondary infections. Severe tick infections can also lead to poor body condition.

Ticks can also affect many other wildlife species, domestic livestock and humans. Humans are susceptible to several tickborne diseases, including Lyme disease and ehrlichiosis. When handling and processing infected deer, take these precautions to minimize your exposure to ticks:

• Hang the deer carcass for a day or two to allow the ticks to drop off.
• Wear latex gloves.
• Treat clothing with a tick repellent to decrease your exposure.
• Take a shower and check your body for ticks after being outdoors.

Figure 5The three ticks most commonly found on deer in Missouri are the American dog, blacklegged and lone star ticks.

Mange (Demodectic)Demodectic mange of white-tailed deer is caused by the mange mite. Although most deer will not show symptoms of mange, those that do will exhibit hair loss and skin thickening with small pus-filled lesions. Mange is primarily spread through contact with an infected deer or its environment. However, mange does not cause a herd health issue and is not a concern for humans. Mange infections are limited to the skin, therefore the meat of an infected deer is safe for human consumption.

Nasal botsNasal bot flies (Cephenemyia spp.) are common parasites that infect the nasal passages of deer. They also infect squirrels and rabbits. These parasites are most often found by taxidermists while preparing heads for mounting, although hunters occasionally notice them.

Adult female flies deposit small larvae in the nostrils of deer. The larvae enter the nasal passages and pass through several stages of development and growth. They are liberated from the nostril when the deer sneezes. They then form a pupa and emerge as an adult fly.

Although quite large (up to 11/2 inches long) and unpleasant looking in the final stages of development, nasal bots cause little harm to deer and do not infect humans. They also do not affect the quality of venison.

Injuries

Deer that have suffered injuries are occasionally harvested by hunters. Injuries may result from hunter-inflicted wounds, deer-vehicle accidents or incidents with fences or farm equipment. Many of these injuries heal without complication, but occasionally they cause infections that cause dead tissue and pus in and around the wound. Although localized infections or abscesses caused by an injury do not pose a problem to overall deer health, they can pose a local meat-safety problem. If an abscess is discovered, it must be trimmed out. If it has been accidentally cut or removed and has leaked matter onto the surrounding tissue and meat, that meat is considered contaminated and must trimmed out as well.

Conclusion

Infections resulting from diseases and parasites typically result in only a small percentage of annual deer mortality. However, hunters and landowners should be familiar with the possible symptoms, and hunters that eat venison should be able to identify disease symptoms when field-dressing and processing deer. Contact the Missouri Department of Conservation if you see a deer with an apparent disease or that looks unhealthy.

Additional references

• Campbell, T. A., and K. C. VerCauteren. 2011. “Diseases and parasites” in Biology and management of white-tailed deer, ed. D.G. Hewitt, 219-249. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
• Davidson, W. R., ed. 2006. Field manual of wildlife diseases in the southeastern United States, 3rd ed. Athens, GA: University of Georgia.
• Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study. The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine. https://vet.uga.edu/scwds

Photo creditsEmily Flinn, Missouri Department of Conservation and Jason Sumners.

The Best Glock Triggers for 2024

Yes, Glocks are among the best and most popular handguns on the market.

Still, as Glock is so prone to upgrades, there is always room for improvement. For example, the factory Glock triggers are not so famous. They have large pull weights.

If you’re one of the competitive shooters, then you probably need a trigger with less pull weight than the factory trigger provides.

Now, before we make a list of the best Glock triggers you can have, let’s explore all factors to consider before making a purchase.

Glock Trigger Types

There are different types of Glock designs that you can choose from for your next upgrade. For example, the most popular design among aftermarket triggers is the drop-in design.

What’s drop-in design?

It refers to an aftermarket trigger assembly that’s designed to be easily installed into a Glock pistol without having the need for advanced gunsmithing or modification. It got its name as it suggest the trigger can just be dropped into the handgun.

A drop-in trigger typically comes as a complete trigger assembly, including the trigger shoe, trigger bar, connector, and other components necessary for proper functioning.

The main advantage of the drop-in trigger is that it makes the upgrade process simple. It’s made to allow you to upgrade your trigger without having too much knowledge about firearms or specialized gunsmithing skills.

However, before shooting your handgun after installing the drop-in trigger, test a few times if everything works as it should before using live ammo.

Read more:

• (Top 5) Best Aftermarket Glock Slides
• The Top 10 Glock Barrels for Enhanced Accuracy
• Review: Glock M.A.R.S. – Magazine Advanced Release System

How to Choose the Right Trigger

Among various different types of factory and aftermarket Glock triggers, choosing the right trigger may not be as easy as it sounds.

However we turn it, everything starts with your needs and preferences.

Would you like to stick with stock triggers or aftermarket triggers? Aftermarket triggers can offer different pull weights, improve reset, or offer other customization options (including different styles).

Next, where are you going to use the Glock pistol? Different environments like competitive shooting, self-defense, and recreational shooting have different requirements and different triggers may suit each of them separately.

And finally, one of the widely known factors is the trigger pull weight. The stock Glock trigger usually has a pull weight of around 5.5 pounds (or 2.5 kilograms). However, if you prefer lighter pull weight, then consider choosing aftermarket triggers with less pull weight.

How Glock Trigger Works

The Glock trigger works on a striker-fired system called the Safe Action Trigger system.

Let’s break it down in a few steps to clarify how does Glock trigger work:

1. Trigger safety: The Glock trigger has a trigger safety feature. It’s a small lever placed in the middle of the trigger. You have to press it fully to move the trigger backward and fire the gun. This safety prevents accidental firing if the gun is dropped or if pressure is applied to the sides of the trigger.
2. Trigger pull: When you press the trigger, it moves backward. As it moves, it cocks the firing pin, which makes the bullet fire. The trigger has a short distance to travel, making it easier and faster to pull.
3. Firing pin safety: When the trigger is fully pressed, it releases a firing pin safety. This lever was blocking the firing pin from moving forward and firing a bullet. Now that it’s out of the way, the firing pin can move forward and hit the bullet’s primer, causing a bullet to fire.
4. Firing the gun: Once the firing pin is released, it strikes the bullet’s primer, ignited the gunpowder, and fires the bullet.
5. Reset: After firing the shot, you release the trigger, as you let go, the trigger moves forward, and the firing pin partially resets itself. This prepares the gun for the next shot by making it ready to fire again. The trigger reset distance is short, allowing for quick follow-up shots if needed.

The Best Glock Aftermarket Triggers

1. Agency Arms Syndicate Trigger
2. Zev Technologies PRO Trigger Bar Kit
3. Overwatch Precision TAC Trigger
4. CMC Trigger Drop-in Trigger
5. Apex Tactical Specialties Action Enhancement Trigger Kit
6. Killer Innovations Trigger Shoe
7. Tyrant Designs I.T.T.S. Trigger

1. Agency Arms Syndicate Trigger

If you’re looking for something on a budget but still reliable, then Syndicate Trigger by Agency Arms is a great choice for you.

The trigger is made of polymer making it strong, durable, and at the same time lightweight.

This is a drop-in model of a trigger meaning you can easily install it at home without needing different and specialized tools.

However, if you have older generations of Glock handguns, you probably won’t be able to use this trigger as it’s compatible with Gen 5 Glocks only including G19X and G45.

Price: $60Get yours here!

2. Zev Technologies PRO Trigger Bar Kit

This drop-in trigger comes from the Zev Technologies brand, known for winning multiple world championships. It got some pretty good features that make it stand out.

The Pro trigger bar kit supports multiple generations of Glock including Gen 1, Gen 2, Gen 3, and Gen 4. It’s compatible with G26, G19, G17, G34, G17L, G27, G23, G22, G35, G31, G32, G33 Glocks too.

The trigger bar kit is made of hard-anodized aluminum construction. Because of this, the trigger kit is strong, durable, and wear-resistant.

Zev Technologies PRO Trigger bar kit delivers a very crisp and clean trigger pull, making it very comfortable, especially for situations where you’ll need to acquire targets very quickly and deliver follow-up shots.

It’s also easy to install without having any special tools, however, it comes at a little higher price point so if you’re ready to spend a little bit more money, this one is a great option for you.

Price: $132.30Get yours here!

3. Overwatch Precision TAC Trigger

If we have to describe the TAC trigger made by Overwatch Precision as shortly as possible, then we would just say it’s reliable and aesthetic.

It’s made of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, well-known for its strength and durability which is crucial if you’re going to use your handgun frequently. In this scenario, when you need something resistant to wear, the TAC trigger will get you covered.

The overall feel of the TAC triggers is this: it has a very similar feeling to standard OEM triggers, but it’s crisper and also has better responsitivity compared to them. When pressed, it feels smooth on fingers with a very short reset.

Price: $122.85Get yours here!

4. CMC Trigger Drop-in Trigger

Easy-to-install drop-in trigger made by CMC. Compared to the original Glock trigger, there are definitely improvements.

Let’s start with reset which is great while the trigger itself is light and crisp – something every experienced shooter is looking for when upgrading their Glock.

The trigger pull is about 2.5-3 lbs and is good for situations where you’re required to put several rounds into a target fast. With this trigger, you can easily deliver follow-up shots without affecting the accuracy of your Glock too much.

As for compatibility, you can use this trigger from Gen 1 Glocks up to Gen 4 Glocks. Gen 5 Glocks are not supported this time. Also, CMC offers two different models: one for 9mm Glocks and one for .40cal caliber Glocks. Double-check compatibility before making a purchase.

Price: $155.48Get yours here!

5. Apex Tactical Specialties Action Enhancement Trigger Kit

Comfort and performance – are two words that describe this model the best. It comes from Apex that’s already known for producing quality parts for Glocks.

The drop-in design of this trigger allows you to easily switch the factory trigger with this one.

The Apex Tactical Action Enhancement trigger’s main features are smooth trigger pull, reduced travel and reset distances, and a crisp trigger break compared to the standard Glock trigger.

However, this pistol works only with G43, G43X, and G48 Glock handguns.

Price: $99.75Get yours here!

6. Killer Innovations Trigger Shoe

Aesthetically pleasing yet great performance trigger shoe for Gen 5 Glocks (other not supported). This trigger shoe can go on Glock 17 and Glock 19.

Despite being available in multiple colors, which can also help you make a unique Glock build, the trigger has a crisp break with a short reset. If you’re a competitive shooter who has to put a few bullets in a row in a target, the Killer Innovations trigger shoe provides a very smooth pull and helps you have better follow-up shots.

The trigger shoe is made of aircraft-grade aluminum with an anodized finish. However, this trigger shoe is a little pricey, so be ready to spend more money if you want to own this one.

Price: $115.89Get yours here!

7. Tyrant Designs I.T.T.S. Trigger

If you’re looking for something that’s cheaper but still not lacking quality, and by the way you own Gen 3 or Gen 4 Glock, then you should check the I.T.T.S. trigger.

The trigger comes with stainless steel set screws, safety blades, and power springs ensuring the trigger’s durability.

However, this time you’ll need tools and disassembled Glock in order to change the trigger as ITTS is not a drop-in type of trigger. But if you already have gunsmithing experience, this won’t be a problem for you.

The trigger offers a 30% power spring for fast and fierce trigger reset which is a great feature when it comes to competitive shooting.

Price: $67.45Get yours here!

Final Words

When considering a Glock trigger upgrade, it’s important to assess your intended use and personal preferences.

While the stock trigger may suffice for some, many find aftermarket triggers greatly enhance their shooting experience. Transitioning to a new trigger may require an adjustment period, and practicing with a few hundred rounds is recommended.

Some may prefer to have their stock trigger polished by a gunsmith, while others opt for a complete replacement.

Factors such as trigger shape, intended use (concealed carry or competition), and individual preference play a role.

Ultimately, upgrading to one of the best Glock triggers can improve shooting enjoyment and accuracy, transforming your Glock into a more refined and personalized firearm.

Read more:

• Choosing the Best Glock Iron Sights
• How to Build a Glock Handgun at Home

Tom Redington travels the United States from the borders of Canada to Mexico fishing for largemouth, smallmouth and spotted bass in everything from shallow muddy rivers to crystal-clear reservoirs hundreds of feet deep.

Whether he’s running 70 mph downstream in his 21-foot Ranger boat or walking the shoreline with his 8-year-old Cub Scout son, he’s found there are key areas where bass can be located quickly.

Here are some of the top areas to search. Not all will have active fish all the time. Try a variety of these places, and you’ll hook up sooner and more consistently than by just randomly wandering about.

CURRENT BREAKS

Bass lurk around objects that block the water current. When prey struggles past while fighting the flow, bass dart out to grab an easy meal. Fallen trees, big rocks, bridge pilings, weed clumps, even garbage like an old chair — if it blocks current, bass dwell around it.

LAYDOWNS

As waves wash away the shore over the years, trees topple into lakes and rivers. Bass typically prefer horizonal cover, especially with overhead protection, and laydowns offer both. Best of all, they are easy to find and you can fish them from a boat or the shore. A small tree might hold a fish or two, while a 60-foot oak can extend out with limbs in every direction holding a whole school of fish.

RIPRAP

On lakes and rivers with soft bottoms like sand, silt or clay, crushed rock is often spread along shorelines to prevent bank erosion. This crushed rock is called “riprap,” and you commonly find it along roads and bridges that cross the water, plus around dams, marinas and homes. All the cracks and gaps in the rocks make ideal hiding and feeding places for crawdads and smaller fish — what bass call an “all-you-can-eat buffet.”

DOCKS

Again, bass love horizontal shelters that provide overhead protection. Sounds like a boat dock! Just look over the side of most any dock and you’ll see little fish swimming all around it. Hungry bass are stalking just out of sight in the shadows below.

AQUATIC VEGETATION

Lily pads, bulrushes, canes, hydrilla, weeds, grass, milfoil, cabbage … some grow up out of the water, some types grow on the surface and others stay underwater. Regardless, if it’s green and in the water, about every link the food chain will be around it. Find grass and you’ll find bass.

POINTS

A point is simply a place along the shoreline where the bank sticks out into the lake. There are two main lake points at the entrance of any creek or cove, and these are great places to try year-round. Especially in the spring and fall, shallower points along the shoreline or at the mouth of small bays or pockets can be dynamite. Some points drop very quickly into deep water, so the bass will be close to shore. Other points have a slower taper and can run hundreds of feet into the lake. Generally, bass will be shallower on points in the spring and fall, or early and late in the day. During summer and winter, especially in the middle of the day, bass hold on the deeper sections of points, anywhere from 10 to 30 feet deep (the clearer the water, the deeper the fish).

During my 20 years in the outdoor industry, I’ve witnessed a pile of incredible arrow builds. Most of those builds have come from arrow-mastermind Easton. From arrows designed for speed to carbon shafts wrapped in a penetration-boosting metal jacket, the hits keep on coming.

A tried-and-true staple in the lineup and a quiver-filler for throngs of archers, the Axis ranks as one of the finest shafts ever created. Why? Side of filling thousands of freezers and making massive taxidermy bills, this arrow is a do-all. The 5MM build is micro, which means the shaft can buck the wind and find its mark even at extended distances. Plus, the micro-profile focuses kinetic energy into the frontal area, which creates less friction and ensures maximum penetration. Then there’s the fact the arrow is offered in seven spine sizes, meaning most any archer can pair the Axis with their stick-and-string setup. Bottom line: The Axis is a durable, accurate and dependable big-game wrecker that countless bowhunters put their trust in. It just doesn’t get any better.

Or does it?

Enter the Axis 4MM Long Range. I could hear the excitement in Easton’s Gary Conrnum’s voice as he gave me the 411 on this new-for-2021 arrow. Cornum is an arrow guru, and when he gets pumped about a product, people should take note.

“It’s our best Axis build to date,” he said. “Now Axis lovers can get a super micro-diameter shaft with a front-of-center boosting aluminum point outsert that has standard 8-32 threads. This arrow is as accurate as they come and delivers incredible downrange penetration.”

True to Form

The literature I’d read and my conversation with Cornum had my mind buzzing, and when my Axis 4MM Long Range bare shafts arrived, I couldn’t wait to put them through the paces. The 100-percent carbon cut with ease, and the aluminum point half-out outserts glued in without hassle. The outsert measures just a tick over an inch, so if you’re cutting your arrows, be sure and compensate for this. If you shoot a 29-inch arrow, you’ll want to cut your 4MM shafts at 28-inches if you plan to use the included aluminum half-out outsert.

This was my first Axis build that didn’t require the use of Easton’s chamfering stone, HIT Epoxy, and HIT Insert Tool. Instead, I used 91 Isopropyl Alcohol to clean the inside of the shafts, applied insert glue to my aluminum outserts, and twisted them into the shaft to distribute the glue evenly to the inner shaft wall. The process is super simple and saves a lot of time. The fletching process was a breeze as well. I opted not to use wraps, and my AAE Hybrid 23 vanes grabbed the carbon wonderfully.

With my 4MM Long Range soldiers ready to fly, I first conducted a speed test. Tipping the scale at 405.5 grains, my 28 ¾-inch 4MM Axis Long Range arrows powered by Hoyt’s Ventum 33 set at 68 pounds of draw weight and a 29-inch draw length propelled shafts at an average speed of 302 fps. Plenty fast, and my kinetic energy rating was an impressive 82-foot pounds. The ACU-Carbon build blended with the aluminum half-out outsert system ups velocity and helps the arrow deliver more energy downrange. Plus, each shaft passed the spin test and popped perfect bullet holes through paper after a bit of rest adjusting. More impressive was the accuracy factor. From distances between 20 and 100 yards, my four-fletched arrows found the mark.

For a week, I shot the Axis 4MM Long Range in crosswinds, tailwinds and headwinds, and there’s no question the shaft’s ultra-micro diameter build resists side-to-side wind drift. I also shot fixed and mechanical broadheads out to 100 yards. My fixed-blade heads hit a tad right of the mark starting at 50 yards, which is normal, but even though they were a tad right, each fixed-blade shaft grouped. The SEVR 2.0 mechanical-tipped shafts hit right with my field points out to 100 yards. The 4MM MicroLite Nocks are tough; attach brilliantly to the string and leave it cleanly. After the tuning process, I detected zero nock travel. Warning! Shooting groups with these shafts, especially with fixed-blade broadheads, is not advised. The Axis 4MM Long Range is without a doubt the most accurate arrow I’ve ever fired, and unless you have unlimited funds and lots of time to build arrows, I would suggest shooting individual spots.

Satisfied with the accuracy of the arrow, I moved on to some penetration tests. I received the arrows late in the spring, and with turkey tags punched and no bear hunts on the horizon, I used a new Block foam target to conduct a few penetration tests. With a calculated F.O.C. of precisely 12.6 percent, my Axis 4MM Long Range arrows drove deeper into foam when shot head-to-head against my standard 5MM Axis arrows. It’s important to note that bowhunters should shoot for an F.O.C. between 11 and 18 percent. I have no doubt the optimized F.O.C. build blended with the arrows speed and micro-diameter construction will lead to big-game pass-throughs, even at extended distances.

Those who favor the HIT system blended with Deep Six technology can separately purchase 4MM Deep Six Steel HIT Inserts (20 grains). If you’re looking to up arrow weight and increase your F.O.C. but want to stay with the outsert system, 4MM Titanium Half-Out Inserts (55 grains) can also be had for a few more greenbacks. The Axis 4MM Long Range is available in spine sizes of 250, 300, 340 and 400, and straightness ratings of +/- .003” and +/- .001” can be purchased. The Axis 4MM Long Range can be purchased by the dozen (bare) or half-dozen (fletched).

If you’re looking for a do-all hunting arrow that will perform at extended distances on medium-sized and large big-game animals like elk, moose and grizzly, the Easton Axis 4MM should line your quiver come fall.

Q: I am an avid reader of Bowhunter Magazine, and I look forward to each issue and the information and hunting stories you and the other writers contribute! I am planning an elk hunt in Montana with my brother, nephew, and close friend. Could you make some recommendations on arrow/broadhead choices for the hunt? Scott Cool, via e-mail

A: Thanks for your e-mail. First, let’s establish the number-one goal of every elk hunter — a bilateral pneumothorax — otherwise known as a double-lung collapse. If you only puncture one lung on an elk, the odds of recovery are close to zero. That makes maximum, and hopefully two-hole, penetration more important than on just about any other North American big game animal.

There are many factors to consider: draw weight/length, arrow speed/weight (both kinetic energy and momentum), and broadhead construction. All of these factors are intertwined in their importance. If you shoot low poundage, or a short draw length, your arrow speed will be adversely affected, necessitating a heavier arrow and a broadhead designed for maximum penetration. Heavier draw weights and longer draw lengths make the other factors less critical, but they are still important.

Personally, I tend to vary my arrow weight according to the species I am hunting. I may want a flatter trajectory for antelope, deer, or caribou, but for a very tough animal like an elk, I prefer an arrow in the 500-grain range. I have a 30.5-inch draw, and I typically shoot 67 pounds. Because this setup delivers plenty of energy and momentum, I can shoot most any quality broadhead from fixed blades to heavily built mechanicals like the Rage Trypan and not worry about penetration.

We don’t have the space to get into all the physics, and there is plenty of dispute among bowhunters on this topic, but without knowing your specifics I would recommend an arrow weighing at least 450 grains (total arrow/broadhead) for elk. An arrow’s front of center (FOC) is also important to penetration, and I strive for at least 12 to 13 percent or more.

Yes, if your draw weight and arrow speed are exceptional (well over 300 fps), you might get by with a lighter, flatter arrow, but I still wouldn’t go below 400 grains under any circumstances. Will it work, yes, but if the shot is in any way marginal, a lighter arrow will not likely bail you out. If your draw weight and arrow speed is average (under 280 fps), your total arrow weight should go up. I know that sounds counterintuitive, but consider the recurve archer who is shooting only 190 to 200 fps and using arrows of 600 grains and up. They certainly don’t go down in arrow weight. In almost any scenario, a heavier arrow will penetrate better on a live animal. And no test medium can replicate the real thing.

Broadhead design does matter, but mostly in a basic sense. If you start with a well-tuned bow, there is no question the best penetrating broadhead is a cut-on-contact, fixed two-blade design like a Muzzy Phantom, Magnus Stinger, or Iron Will broadhead. A fixed-blade broadhead and certain mechanical heads are next, and then comes the really wide-cut mechanical broadheads. If you hope to drive a two-inch-wide broadhead completely through an elk, you had better have some energy and a heavy arrow behind it. If you do, it’s devastating.

By now, you can see that all these factors are codependent, which is why there is so much debate. If you’re an average archer shooting 65 pounds at a 28-inch draw, I would shoot an arrow/broadhead combo that weighs around 475 grains (with decent FOC), and a strong, super-sharp broadhead that gives you confidence. Then hunt your way close and drive it through both lungs. Good luck.

Hey Gunners! Welcome to Best Glock 43x MOS Red Dot Blog In 2024.

I’ve been firing rounds downrange for years, and one of my go-to firearms has always been the Glock 43X MOS.

I’ve looked into the best red dot sights for the Glock 43X MOS and want to share that knowledge with you.

So, What Red Dot Fits Glock 43x?

Here are eight red dot sights that fit the Glock 43x MOS perfectly.

Top 8 Best Red Dot Glock 43x MOS Red Dot

1. Trijicon RMRcc – Best for custom-milled slides
2. Holosun HS507K-X2 – Best budget alternative of trijicon
3. Holosun 507C X2 – Best for tactical shooting
4. Holosun EPS Carry – Best compact red dot
5. Shield RMSc – Best for durability
6. Swampfox Sentinel – Best for wide viewing window
7. SIG Romeo Zero Elite – Best value for money
8. Hex Wasp – Best user-friendly

1. Trijicon RMRcc – Best for custom-milled slides

A game-changing red dot sight specifically designed for concealed carry that’s durable, versatile, and easy to use.

Designed for Concealed Carry: One of the standout features of the Trijicon RMRcc is its design geared towards concealed carry. This thing is slim, I mean, really slim. It nestles beautifully on my Glock 43X MOS, creating an almost seamless look.

If you’re someone who values discretion and a low-profile carry, then this is your red dot. It’s got a design that ensures reduced risk of snags during your draw.

Outstanding Durability: Let’s talk about this sight’s ruggedness. The patented housing shape diverts the force of any impact away from the lens. That makes this little piece of hardware incredibly resilient.

During my field tests, I went through the usual bumps and knocks, and guess what? Not a single crack or distortion in the lens. The quality is military-grade; it’s constructed to withstand harsh conditions without losing zero.

Complete User-Control Illumination Settings: This red dot sight gives you ultimate control over brightness settings.

With eight different modes, you can easily adjust to your environment. What does that mean practically? Well, you’ve got two night vision modes for twilight or nighttime shooting.

And when you’re out in broad daylight, the super bright mode ensures the dot is visible and crisp. The flexibility allows you to tailor the sight according to your needs, whether you’re indoors or outdoors.

Easily Adjustable Windage/Elevation: Do you know how some sights need a special adjustment tool? Not this one.

With 3 MOA per tick, making windage and elevation adjustments is a cinch. The knobs are easy to maneuver, even with gloved hands.

This becomes super handy in dynamic shooting scenarios where quick adjustments are essential. You’ll have your sight zeroed in no time, and it holds that zero exceptionally well.

Crisp 3.25 MOA Dot: The 3.25 MOA dot is another remarkable feature. It’s the ideal size for both-eyes-open shooting, which is fantastic for situational awareness.

The dot is crystal-clear, and the quality of the lens enhances the visibility, even under extreme lighting conditions. I found this particularly helpful when I had to switch targets rapidly.

Why I Love It: What’s not to love? The RMRcc blends flawlessly with my Glock 43X MOS, it’s robust, versatile, and incredibly easy to use. It’s like the sight was made for this gun.

My Experience

I felt an immediate difference When I mounted this on my Glock. The sight was easy to attach and felt like an integral part of the firearm.

The drawing was smooth, and the targeting was accurate, improving my shooting experience significantly.

Pros

• Slim and compact design
• High durability
• Flexible illumination settings
• Easy windage/elevation adjustments
• Crisp 3.25 MOA dot

Cons

• Bottom battery access can be tricky
• Slightly on the expensive side

2. Holosun HS507K-X2 – Best budget alternative of trijicon

A high-performance open reflex sight with a compact profile designed to fit perfectly on subcompact firearms like the Glock 43X MOS.

Red Super LED: The Holosun 507K X2’s Red Super LED is a game-changer. When you’re zeroing in on a target, the crispness and clarity of the dot can make a significant difference in your accuracy.

The LED technology used here offers a fine, well-defined 2 MOA red dot that doesn’t blur or distort, even under rapid movement or recoil.

What really steals the show is the whopping 50,000-hour battery life, which is a godsend for those extended field trips. No worries about the sight dying on you midway through your shooting session.

Multi-Reticle System (MRS): One size doesn’t fit all, and that’s especially true when it comes to reticles. The Multi-Reticle System (MRS) on this sight gives you the best of both worlds.

You get a fast sight picture for those quick reflex shots, thanks to the larger 32 MOA circle. Meanwhile, the inner 2 MOA dot offers the precision required for longer distances.

The genius is in its flexibility; the reticle system allows you to switch between these options seamlessly.

Shake Awake Technology: You know how frustrating it is when you forget to turn off the sight and come back to a dead battery? Shake Awake Technology solves that. The LED deactivates when it senses a lack of movement, extending the battery life.

The moment you pick up your Glock 43X MOS, the sight immediately springs back to life. The timeout settings are customizable, providing further convenience for every type of shooter out there.

Easy Battery Access with Side Tray: Fumbling with screws and mounts just to change a battery can sour the shooting experience.

The Holosun 507K X2 comes with a side-mounted battery tray, making the whole ordeal as easy as sliding out the old CR1632 battery and slotting in a new one.

There is no need to disassemble your setup, saving you time and preserving your zero.

Durable Housing: Durability often gets sacrificed for the sake of compactness in many optics. Not in this case. The 7075 T6 Aluminum housing is the same grade of material used in aerospace engineering.

This material provides an excellent balance of strength to weight, ensuring that your sight won’t fall apart or get damaged even under challenging conditions.

Why I love it: The Holosun 507K X2 is a fantastic little package that brings together thoughtful design with robust performance. It’s everything you’d want in a compact red dot sight.

My Experience

After field-testing this sight on my Glock, I can honestly say it enhances the whole shooting experience.

The reticle options are versatile enough for any shooting scenario, the Shake Awake feature is a nice touch for battery conservation, and the durability ensures that it’s a long-term investment.

Pros

• Exceptional battery life due to high-performance LED and Shake Awake technology
• Customizable reticle options via the Multi-Reticle System
• Side tray for convenient battery replacement
• Built from tough 7075 T6 Aluminum
• Fits the Glock 43X MOS perfectly without overhanging the slide

Cons

• Battery access, although improved by the side tray, could be further enhanced if it were not on the bottom.

See detailed Review of HOLOSUN HS507K.

3. Holosun 507C X2 – Best for tactical shooting

An open reflex sight with high performance, durability, and versatile features designed for tactical shooting.

Green Super LED: When it comes to sights, the LED quality is the real backbone. Holosun 507C X2 nails it with its Green Super LED.

This isn’t just a brighter dot; it’s an element that affects everything from battery life to how well you can acquire your target. The LED has a stunning 50,000-hour battery life. So, yes, you can pretty much forget about running out of juice anytime soon.

But why Green LED, you ask? Green is easier to see in more lighting conditions than red, making it an excellent choice for both daytime and nighttime use.

Multi-Reticle System (MRS): Alright, let’s talk versatility. The Multi-Reticle System (MRS) is truly one of the most fantastic features. It offers a 2 MOA dot and a 32 MOA circle, and you can switch between these two easily.

It’s like having multiple sights in one. In tactical shooting, your needs can change within seconds. Sometimes, you’re going for precision; other times, speed is the name of the game.

With the MRS, I was able to get quick target acquisition when I needed to fire rapidly, thanks to the larger circle.

When I needed pinpoint accuracy, the 2 MOA dot was perfect. Plus, the green color shines in both reticle options, making it easier to engage targets at any distance.

Solar Failsafe: Even if your battery does run out, which, let’s face it, is unlikely, the sight comes with Solar Failsafe. This feature is a lifesaver. It draws power from any available light source, natural or artificial.

The Solar Failsafe kicks in automatically in Auto Mode and adjusts the reticle’s brightness according to the light conditions. When I was out shooting in broad daylight, the reticle was crisp and bright.

When clouds rolled in, it dimmed down to optimal visibility. This feature reassures you that your sight will always be operational, no matter what the circumstances are.

Durability & Housing: Don’t let the sight’s lightweight design fool you; this thing is tough. Built from 7075 T6 Aluminum, the same stuff used in aerospace, it can withstand the rough and tumble of tactical shooting.

I’ve put this sight through the wringer, and it’s come out unscathed every time. From rainy days to dusty conditions, it’s lived up to the test. The anodized finish further protects against corrosion and abrasion.

Given its resilience, you won’t hesitate to take it with you in any field conditions.

Battery Accessibility: Many sights make the simple task of changing a battery an ordeal. But the Holosun 507C X2 has a side-mounted tray that houses the CR1632 battery.

It was incredibly straightforward to swap out the battery without dismantling the whole sight. The tray is secured tightly but is easy to open when needed, even in the field.

This feature is a game-changer, keeping you focused on shooting rather than fumbling with small screws and possibly losing your zero.

Why I love it: I love this sight for its innovation, reliability, and versatility. The Green Super LED, MRS, and Solar Failsafe features work together harmoniously, making the Holosun 507C X2 a robust choice for tactical shooting.

My Experience

This sight has genuinely revolutionized how I engage targets, be it during practice or in more adrenaline-pumping situations.

The easy battery replacement, combined with the Shake Awake Technology and Solar Failsafe, means I’ve never had to worry about my sight failing me. Plus, its sturdy build can withstand anything I throw at it.

Pros

• Exceptional Green Super LED technology
• Versatile Multi-Reticle System
• Shake Awake Technology for extended battery life
• Solar Failsafe for a continuous power supply
• 7075 T6 Aluminum for robust durability
• Convenient battery accessibility

Cons

• Slightly wider profile compared to the Glock 43X MOS slide

4. Holosun EPS Carry – Best compact red dot

A rugged, fully weatherproof sight designed for optimal performance on the Glock 43X MOS.

Closed Emitter: The closed emitter is the first feature that grabs your attention. You’re looking at a sight that’s fully weatherproof against dirt, water, and other debris.

That means you can take your Glock 43X MOS through rain, mud, or even desert storms, and your sight will come out unscathed. For practical applications like concealed carry or duty use, this is a huge plus.

You can’t predict the weather, but with a closed emitter, you don’t have to worry about it either.

Side Battery Access: The side battery access is another practical feature that spares you the headache of sight removal during battery replacement.

The convenience can’t be overstated; swap out the battery without losing your zero. For those of us who’ve been through the hassle of re-zeroing, this is a significant time-saver and stress-reducer.

Six Reticle Systems: The Holosun EPS Carry offers six reticle systems: 2 MOA, 6 MOA, and a multi-reticle system with a 32 MOA ring.

The versatility here is immense. Whether you’re shooting up close or at a distance, you can toggle through the reticle options and find what’s most comfortable for your shooting style.

No Lens Distortion: The sight boasts a refined glass window that eliminates edge distortion. This is particularly helpful during dynamic shooting, where you need to make quick target transitions.

Your sight picture remains crisp and clear, which is precisely what you need in those high-stress scenarios.

Rugged Construction: Made of 7075 T6 aluminum and IPX8 rated, this sight is built like a tank. Drop it, bump it, or even submerge it, and it’ll keep ticking.

For a daily carry or duty weapon, this durability is more than just a selling point; it’s a necessity.

Battery Life: The sight uses a 1620 battery, providing an incredible 50,000-hour battery life. That translates to less time worrying about a dimming sight and more time focusing on your target.

Why I Love It: It’s the small things that make the Holosun EPS Carry exceptional. From the closed emitter to the side battery access, each feature is designed with the end-user in mind. Practical, rugged, and efficient, it’s everything you’d want in a sight.

My Experience

Mounting it was straightforward, thanks to the compatibility with the RMSc plate. During range time, the sight was reliable, offering crisp reticles and holding its zero exceptionally well.

Switching between reticle systems felt intuitive, and I particularly enjoyed the absence of lens distortion.

Pros

• Extremely durable and fully weatherproof
• Convenient side battery access
• Versatile reticle options
• No lens distortion
• Long battery life

Cons

• Requires a turret tool for MOA adjustments

5. Shield RMSc – Best for durability

A compact red dot sight that perfectly complements the Glock 43X MOS with its strength and

adaptability.

Aircraft Aluminum Construction: This sight is made of aircraft aluminum, giving it a robustness you can count on. It might not be as rugged as some other options, but it’s more than durable enough for everyday concealed carry.

Those distinctive support rails on both sides? They aren’t just for looks; they add essential rigidity and strength to the optic.

LED 4 MOA Dot: The 4 MOA dot is an excellent feature, offering just the right balance between visibility and precision. For me, a 4 MOA dot is the sweet spot; it’s large enough to acquire quickly but small enough to allow for accurate shots at a distance.

Glass & Parallax-Free 1X Lens: You can choose between a polymer and a glass lens, depending on what you’re looking for.

The glass lens option provides a clear and crisp sight picture, and it’s parallax-free at 1X magnification, allowing for more accurate aiming.

Auto-Adjusting Brightness: Being a ‘permanently on’ optic, the RMSc automatically adjusts to ambient lighting conditions.

Whether you’re in broad daylight or a dimly lit room, the sight adapts so you don’t have to fiddle around with manual settings.

Why I Love It: The Shield RMSc checks a lot of boxes for me. It’s compact, durable, and features an auto-adjusting reticle that’s a real timesaver. Plus, the 4 MOA dot is just right for my needs.

My Experience

Installation was a breeze, fitting perfectly on my Glock 43X MOS. During my range sessions, the sight held its own, offering a consistently clear sight picture.

The auto-adjusting brightness was spot-on, and I found the 4 MOA dot to be exceptionally user-friendly.

Pros

• Durable aircraft aluminum construction
• Auto-adjusting brightness
• Clear, parallax-free lens
• Seamless fit with Glock 43X MOS
• Versatile 4 MOA dot

Cons

• Not as rugged as some other options

6. Swampfox Sentinel – Best for wide viewing window

Compact yet powerful, Swampfox Sentinel fits like a glove on your Glock 43X MOS.

Auto Brightness Model: The Swampfox Sentinel really shines, no pun intended, with its auto-brightness feature. Located on the left side of the body, a photosensitive sensor adjusts the brightness of the dot relative to ambient light conditions.

In practical terms, you don’t have to fiddle with buttons when transitioning from bright sunlight to low-light environments. It’s like having a sight with intuition; it knows just how bright to be when you need it the most.

Compact Unobstructive Fit: Compact might as well be this sight’s middle name. With a 16mm x 16mm window, this sight offers a field of view that is just the right size: large enough for quick target acquisition but small enough not to mess with concealment.

It’s like a perfect compromise between visibility and portability, a feature you’ll truly appreciate when you’re in action.

Duty Grade: If you’re worried about durability, don’t be. This thing is made from 7075 aluminum that’s hard-coat oxidized.

You could literally drop this from shoulder height or use it in the rain, and it’ll still perform like nothing happened.

Double the Life: Battery life is often the Achilles heel of electronic gadgets. Not here. The CR2032 battery gives you about two years of real-world battery life.

Yep, you read that right: two years. It’s a low-maintenance relationship that you and your Glock will certainly appreciate.

Large Field of View: While the compact design gives you an unobtrusive fit, the large field of view ensures that you can acquire your target with ease.

Unlike other red dot sights where you might struggle to find your target, here, it almost feels like the sight does half the work for you.

Manual and Automatic Brightness: Flexibility is key, and this sight offers both manual and automatic brightness settings.

Whether you’re someone who prefers to set and forget or someone who likes to have control, there’s an option here for you.

Why I love it: Why do I love the Swampfox Sentinel? It’s simple, really. This sight offers a robust set of features without complicating the shooting experience.

It’s like having a personal assistant that knows exactly what you need and delivers without being asked.

My Experience

Let me tell you, this sight didn’t disappoint. From the moment I installed it, everything just clicked. Quick target acquisition, robust construction, and the battery life, oh the battery life! Two years without a change is a game-changer.

Pros

• High-quality 7075-T6 aluminum construction
• Intuitive auto-brightness setting
• Long-lasting CR2032 battery
• Large field of view
• Manual and auto brightness options
• Perfect fit for Glock 43X MOS

Cons

• Battery replacement can be a tad annoying due to small screws

7. SIG Romeo Zero Elite – Best value for money

A budget-friendly sight with top-notch features, optimized for Glock 43X MOS.

Scratch-Resistant Glass Aspherical Lens: Alright, let’s dive into the good stuff! The Romeo Zero Elite comes equipped with a scratch-resistant glass aspherical lens.

What this means for you is a crystal-clear view and, more importantly, a distortion-free sight picture. The lens is made of high-quality glass that maintains its clarity over time, so you don’t have to worry about minor scuffs or scratches affecting your accuracy.

Durable Carbon-Infused Polymer Housing: Durability is a huge plus for this sight. It comes encased in a carbon-infused polymer housing with a reinforced lens area.

So, if you’re someone who’s a little rough on their gear, this sight has got you covered. As a bonus, it even comes with a hardened steel protective shroud, providing an extra layer of protection.

Visibility and Anti-Reflection: Visibility? Check. The rear surfaces of the housing include anti-reflection grooves, and there’s a backup rear sight notch marked with Grade A Swiss SuperLuminova pigment.

You’ll appreciate this feature when you find yourself in low-light environments. With the 8 illumination settings, you can adjust the brightness according to the situation you’re in.

Touch-Activated Programming: Let’s not overlook the T.A.P technology. A simple tap on the optic allows you to change brightness and reticle options.

No more fiddling with hard-to-reach buttons, folks! It’s user-friendly and super convenient.

Why I Love It: So, why do I love this sight? It’s simple: great features at an affordable price point. As someone who enjoys both casual shooting and competition, the Romeo Zero Elite delivers exactly what I need without breaking the bank.

My Experience

The sight fits perfectly on my Glock 43X MOS and performs exceptionally well in the field. Its quick target acquisition has helped me improve my accuracy noticeably.

The T.A.P feature makes it really easy to adjust settings on the fly, which has been a game-changer for me.

Pros

• Excellent visibility features for low-light conditions
• Long battery life
• User-friendly Touch-Activated Programming
• Lightweight and compact, ideal for Glock 43X MOS

Cons

• Not as durable as some other pricier options

8. Hex Wasp – Best user-friendly

A versatile and rugged red dot sight, perfect for Glock 43X MOS users who favor ease-of-use and automatic adjustments.

6061-T6 Aluminum Housing with Anodized Finish: First off, let’s talk about build quality. The Hex Wasp is made from 6061-T6 Aluminum and features an anodized finish.

That combination gives you a robust, long-lasting sight that can withstand moisture and the elements. Being out in the field, I found it to hold up quite well under various weather conditions. No rust, no degradation, and certainly no feeling that it’s going to let me down when I need it the most.

Clarity and Lens Quality: Nothing’s worse than a blurry or hazy sight picture, right? Fortunately, the Hex Wasp comes with a crystal-clear lens that allows for a vivid view.

This has been particularly useful for me during fast target acquisition. The sharp image ensures you don’t miss your mark, and I found it made a world of difference when switching between targets.

Automatic Brightness Adjustment: Now, I know some folks prefer manual adjustments for reticle brightness, but hear me out. The Hex Wasp’s automatic brightness adjustment is actually pretty slick. I’ve found it to be accurate and quick in adapting to changing light conditions.

Whether I was in broad daylight or in a dimly lit environment, the sight adjusted itself flawlessly. It’s a great hands-off feature for those who like to focus on the shot.

3.5 MOA Dot Reticle: The 3.5 MOA dot is what I consider to be the “Goldilocks” of reticle sizes; it’s just right. It’s large enough to easily find but not so large that it obscures the target.

I found this size to be especially useful for mid-range shots where pinpoint accuracy is needed.

Long Battery Life: Battery life is a crucial aspect of any electronic sight. The Hex Wasp offers around 2 years of battery life, which is pretty fantastic.

I haven’t had to worry about my sight going dark in the middle of a shooting session, and that peace of mind is invaluable.

Why I Love It: So why do I find the Hex Wasp to be a keeper? Its exceptional build quality and user-friendly features make it an all-around reliable option.

And I can’t stress enough how helpful the automatic brightness adjustment has been for me.

My Experience

I’ve put the Hex Wasp through its paces on my Glock 43X MOS, and let me tell you, it’s been a great ride. From the easy installation to the reliable performance, it’s been everything I wanted in a sight.

Pros

• Rugged 6061-T6 Aluminum construction with an anodized finish
• Crystal-clear lens for exceptional clarity
• Automatic brightness adjustment works well in various lighting conditions
• Long-lasting battery life
• Versatile 3.5 MOA red dot reticle

Cons

• Placement on the gun can be finicky; requires occasional readjustment

Best Mounting Plates for Glock 43X MOS

Before installing a red dot sight on your Glock 43x, you need to get a mounting plate. Here are my top picks for the best mounting plates for Glock 43x MOS.

• chpws adapter plate
• Outerimpact Micro Red Dot Adapter Compatible with Glock Except MOS
• DPP Titanium Adapter Plate for Glock 43X/48 MOS

Final Verdict

Alright, folks, we’ve explored the cream of red dot sights for your Glock 43X MOS, from the game-changing Trijicon RMRcc to the budget-friendly SIG Romeo Zero Elite.

The best sight for you depends on your individual needs and preferences. Some of you might prioritize durability, while others may be looking for something budget-friendly.

At the end of the day, it’s all about what best suits your shooting style. So go ahead, make your choice, and may your aim be ever true!

FAQ’s

What is the best dot for the 43X MOS?

The best dot for the 43X MOS is the Trijicon RMRcc, based on my extensive testing.

What red dots mount to Glock MOS?

Red dots like Trijicon RMRcc, Holosun 507K X2, and SIG Romeo Zero Elite can mount to Glock MOS.

How accurate is the Glock 43X MOS?

The Glock 43X MOS is highly accurate, thanks to its improved trigger, ergonomic grip, and longer sight radius.

Is it worth putting a red dot on a Glock?

Yes, adding a red dot can improve accuracy, especially at longer distances.

Is the G43X MOS worth it?

Yes, the G43X MOS is a reliable and affordable carry gun with great features.

What does Glock 43X MOS stand for?

MOS stands for Modular Optics System, a feature designed to accommodate various red dot optics.

What generation is Glock 43x MOS?

The Glock 43X MOS is part of the Gen5 series, featuring the match-grade GLOCK Marksman Barrel.

We’ve all experienced it. We head to the grocery store to pick up a few things, only to see that there’s a sale on our favorite meats. If you’re like many people who love a good sale, you stock your cart with raw chicken, steak, or even breakfast meats in an effort to save yourself both time and money in the long run. And in the midst of grabbing as many packs as you possibly can, you think to yourself: “How long can meat stay safely frozen?” And, “Does frozen meat go bad?”

Whether you ask these questions in-store or at home when shuffling through your freezer and finding a tucked away pack of steaks, the topic of frozen meats is one that may deliver different answers depending on who you ask. But we’re here to finally put the question to rest, as the USDA states that as long as all foods are stored at 0 °F or lower in your freezer, they are safe to eat indefinitely.

It’s important to note, though, that while food stored constantly at 0 °F will always be safe, the quality of the food once defrosted can still suffer over time. It may not make you sick, but it won’t necessarily taste like freshly-cooked meat, either.

So, to help you stay on track and make sure you’re making the most of your freezer space, we’ve broken down what you should keep in mind when it comes to freezing both raw and cooked meat, poultry, seafood, and more.

How to safely store meat in the freezer

If you’ve decided to place your meat in the freezer, ensuring that you’re doing it the right way is the first step to maximizing freshness. As the USDA notes, you want to remember that the quality of your meat at the time of freezing determines its frozen state condition. If you can’t use it quickly, freeze items sooner rather than later. Food frozen at peak quality will taste better once thawed than foods “frozen near the end of their useful life,” according to USDA food safety guidelines.

While lengthy freezer storage can affect the quality of any food, it’s also worth noting that raw meat and poultry maintain their quality longer than cooked meat and poultry do. This is because of the moisture lost during the cooking process. Either way, once it’s in the freezer, you want to ensure that all foods are stored at 0 °F or lower to retain the color, vitamin content, texture, and — of course — flavor. Freezing to 0 °F also inactivates any microbes — meaning bacteria, yeasts, and molds — that may be in food.

But what about actually storing meat? Can it be tucked away in its original packaging? The simple answer to that is yes, it is safe to freeze your meat and poultry in the original packaging. If you plan to keep your meat or poultry frozen in its original package for a longer period of time (more than two months) or happen to see a tear in its original packaging, however, the FDA notes that you’ll want to overwrap the packages with airtight plastic wrap, freezer paper, or heavy-duty foil, or simply place the package inside of a plastic bag.

Can meat go bad in the freezer?

Freezing meat is a simple and effective way to stock up on your protein of choice, and meat doesn’t technically “go bad” while in the freezer. As the USDA website states, “Because freezing keeps food safe almost indefinitely, recommended storage times are for quality only.” So, here are a few things to keep in mind to help determine the quality of your meat once unfrozen.

How to defrost meat safely

Keep in mind that your thawing process affects the freshness of your meat, too. As the USDA cautions, never thaw foods out on the kitchen counter or in your garage, basement, car, outdoors, or on the porch. Any of these methods can make your food unsafe to eat. There are three safe ways to thaw frozen foods. The first and most recommended is slow, safe thawing in the refrigerator — overnight or over a day or two, depending on the size. A quicker method is to put your meat in a leak-proof plastic bag and let it sit, fully immersed, in cold water. After thawing in cold water, cook immediately. Finally, you can defrost food using the microwave, but again, plan to then cook it immediately. Also, when microwaving to defrost, the food can actually start to cook in some areas.

Is freezer burnt meat safe to eat?

Contrary to popular belief, if your meat (or frozen food in general) develops freezer burn, it’s actually not unsafe to eat. It may not taste great, but just cut the freezer-burned areas off either pre- or post-cooking and enjoy the remainder of your meal. If it is heavily freezer-burned though, the quality will most likely be compromised and you may want to toss it.

How long does meat last in the freezer?

To reiterate, since freezing your food at 0 °F or below keeps it safe pretty much indefinitely, you can defrost and eat any frozen meats or poultry (that has been stored correctly) at any given time. That doesn’t mean, however, that its quality will stay good forever. For the best quality, the FDA recommends that you consume frozen meats, poultry, and seafood within the following timeframes:

Beef, Lamb, Pork, and Veal

If you plan to stock up on fresh meats like beef, lamb, pork, or veal anytime soon, you’ll want to know that — depending on the cut of meat — they can retain their quality in the freezer for months on end. Steak, particularly, is recommended to stay frozen for six to 12 months, while chops have a recommended freezer life of four to six months. Roasts on the other hand, can still offer a quality taste after being frozen from four to 12 months. Other meats like tongue, liver, and chitterlings only retain their quality for three to four months.

Processed pork — such as bacon and sausage (whether pork, chicken, or turkey), hot dogs, and lunch meats — tastes best when kept frozen for one to two months, while raw hamburger, ground, and stew meats can last between three to four months.

Poultry

Like the above, fresh poultry items have a timeframe for the quality of freshness, too — but it depends on which part of the poultry you’re freezing. If freezing whole chicken or turkey, it can last in your freezer for up to one year. Chicken and turkey parts can last for nine months while giblets are suggested to be stored for a shorter time span of three to four months.

Fish and Shellfish

As fish and shellfish include multiple options, the time span of their quality differs, too. Lean fish can stay in your freezer for six to eight months, while fatty fish is recommended to stay tucked away for two to three months. The FDA recommends consuming frozen cooked fish within four to six months, and smoked fish within two months. And finally, fresh shrimp, scallops, crawfish, and squid can stay in your freezer and retain their quality for three to six months.

Cooked and Leftover Meats

If you’re left with an overflow of cooked meats after a delicious meal, don’t worry; those can be frozen, too. The FDA also says that meat leftovers — including cooked meat, meat dishes, and gravy and meat broth — can all be stored for two to three months in your freezer. Cooked poultry on the other hand, depends on what you’ve cooked. Fried chicken and plain, cooked pieces of chicken can last for four months; cooked poultry dishes for four to six months; meats covered with broth or gravy up to six months; and lastly, cooked chicken nuggets and patties for one to three months.

Ultimately though, no matter what type of meat or poultry you choose to freeze, if it is thawed in the refrigerator, you’re safe to refreeze it without cooking it. As the USDA cautions, though, any foods left outside the refrigerator for longer than a two hour time span (or a single hour in temperatures above 90 °F), should not be refrozen.

Ready to cook up some of that meat and poultry from your freezer while it will still taste its best? Get some inspiration from our lists of light dinner ideas, easy chicken dinner recipes, and ground beef recipes for busy weeknights.

For a very long time, people were unaware of how other birds (especially pigeons and doves) saw the world around them.

Recent investigations in the field of science have, thankfully, shed light on the astonishingly varied visual capabilities of these bird species. So, let us discuss Dove’s vision. Are they color blind?

Doves are not colorblind in any sense. They can see and differentiate colors easily. Doves’ eyes, in contrast to human eyes, find it easier to concentrate on stationary things than they do on moving ones.

Like most other types of prey animals, dogs have a single eye on each side of their heads, giving them a monocular field of vision.

They have a field of vision that is 340 degrees wide, much wider/advanced than humans and many other birds.

But there’s more to learn about how doves see the world around them.

In this article, we’ll explore the topic of Dove’s vision in more detail, including:

How doves see color and the difference between human and dove eyesight.

Let’s get started.

Do doves have good eyesight?

Doves have excellent vision and can see well in bright and dark light. They’re also able to see movement from a long distance away, making them superb hunters. In fact, doves are so good at spotting prey that they can often take down small birds with just a few quick pecks.

Doves have better vision than humans

Doves have a vision that is far superior to that of humans. Because of their eyes’ incredible sensitivity, they can discern UV colors that are entirely invisible to human sight.

These birds have the ability to recognize color, and when they spot brightly colored clothing that stands out from its surroundings, they will become alarmed. So, their hunt is a little bit tricky too.

Lack Depth Perception

Doves are distinguished by the constant bobbing of their heads, which is one of their features.

The action has been interpreted as a means of maintaining balance due to the position of their legs in relation to the rest of their bodies; nevertheless, there is another component at play here.

They have to continually refocus their eyesight to see objects clearly, particularly while they are moving around on the ground.

Their downward vision is highly developed and ground-focused, just as one would anticipate from any species belonging to the bird kingdom.

Eyes Anatomy/Shape

In comparison to the size of their bodies, the eyes of doves are significantly bigger than those of other birds.

The form of their eyes is likewise distinct from one another. The lenses have a significantly flatter profile.

The visual acuity of a dove is significantly superior to that of raptors because they have binocular vision, while doves have monocular vision.

In point of fact, doves have eyesight that is two times as excellent as that of humans when seen via their monocular lateral field of view.

Doves Are Constantly On the Lookout

Have you ever attempted to sneak up on a dove and get a closer look? It is incredibly challenging, and it may even be impossible.

As wild birds, they are experts at surviving in their environment and are highly attuned to their surroundings. When they are stumbling about on the ground, it may seem as though they are in a whole different universe; nevertheless, this is not the case.

Doves are always vigilant, and despite having to refocus their vision constantly, they have excellent eyesight, which helps them avoid potential threats.

When humans approach, they may appear to be unaware of your presence in regions that people often visit; nevertheless, you should not accept this impression since they are always aware of your position.

What colors entice doves to visit your garden?

Natural camouflage colors such as grey, brown, and olive are suitable possibilities for attracting birds with more cautious temperaments, such as doves, waterfowl, and other similar species. These birds are more likely to be scared off by brighter colors.

Note: White should be avoided at all costs since doves are more likely to be attracted to other exceptionally bright colors. It would appear that doves interpret this color as a warning.

Dove eye colors

Eye Color of doves varies from light brown to gray when they are young. But their eye colors change from dark brown to gray-brown or black as the species develops and becomes an adult.

The shade of their eyes also alters depending on the time of day and light availability.

During the nighttime, their pupil becomes more dilated to let in more light, just like the humans. On the other hand, in low light conditions, their pupil contracts to a small black dot.

When doves are alarmed or feel threatened, their eyes will also become more prominent.

The reason behind this is that their eyes need to be more focused when they are on high alert.

Doves also have a third eyelid, which is a translucent membrane that covers the eye when they blink.

In fact, this third eyelid helps to protect the eye and keep it moist.

Why are colors essential for doves?

Doves rely on color for a variety of reasons, including attracting potential mates and identifying food and water sources.

For the aim of breeding

The beginning of the mating season is signaled by the appearance of plumage with brighter colors. A mature and healthy mate can also be deduced from a partner’s use of brighter colors.

Cues from food as well as the surroundings

Seeds/fruits with bright colors are often ready to eat and have the highest concentration of nutrients when they are at their peak.

Seeds/fruits with bright colors are often ready to eat and have the highest concentration of nutrients when they are at their peak.

The changing of the colors of the leave also indicates doves migrate in the cold weather.

Can doves see colors?

Doves can see color, but their color vision is not as good as that of other birds, such as hawks.

The eyes are also used to detect movement and light. The retina contains rods and cones which respond to different wavelengths of light.

These cells have a high sensitivity for detecting motion, while the rods are more sensitive to low-intensity light than the cones. Birds’ eyes are also capable of seeing polarized light, which allows them to distinguish between objects with similar colors.

This ability comes from the fact that the eye contains an internal structure called the tapetum lucidum, which reflects light back through the lens.

How do doves see colors?

Dove’s eyes contain three types of photoreceptors: rods, cones, and double cones. Rods are responsible for night vision, while cones are responsible for day vision. Double cones are responsible for color vision.

Rods

Rods are located in the retina and help the bird see at night. Their function is to detect changes in brightness. When there is no change in brightness, the rod cell fires off an electrical impulse. If there is a sudden increase in brightness, then the rod cell stops firing.

Cones

Cones are located in the retina’s center and are responsible for daytime vision. They are made up of two parts: a short outer segment and a longer inner segment. The outer segment contains rhodopsin, which absorbs photons and triggers chemical reactions within the cone cell. Rhodopsin is activated by blue light, which makes it easier for the cone to absorb photons.

Dove eye and the human eye

In contrast to humans, who are trichromats and can only see three colors, blue, green, and red, doves are tetrachromats, meaning they can see four colors: ultraviolet (UV), blue, green, and red.

The ability to see UV light is what sets doves apart from other birds and animals, including humans.

In fact, this capability is thought to help doves find food and mates and avoid predators.

Do doves have peripheral vision?

Doves do not have peripheral vision. Doves have binocular vision, meaning they can see directly in front of them and to the side. This is because they have a band of nerve cells (the striated muscle layer) that runs across their eyes, allowing them to move their eyes quickly in any direction.

Binocular vision allows birds to judge distances accurately and helps them catch prey by spotting it from a distance. It also helps them keep track of other birds or predators when they are flying in formation.

What distinguishes a common dove from a mourning dove?

The distinction between these two species is primarily in their color. The blue-eyed ground dove’s body feathering varies from milky light brown to greyish buff, and it has a pinkish tinge to it. In contrast, the mourning dove has a coloration that is more brown and earthy and has black patches on its wings.

Distribution and habitat

Blue-eyed ground doves are found throughout much of North America, including Canada, Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. They can be found in a variety of habitats, such as grasslands, prairies, savannas, deserts, forests, wetlands, and urban areas. Blue-eyed ground doves have been known to inhabit agricultural fields, parks, gardens, and even suburban backyards.

On the other hand, mourning doves live all over the world, except for Antarctica and Australia. They prefer open wooded areas, especially near water. They often nest in tree cavities or under bridges. Mourning doves are usually seen alone, although pairs will sometimes form if one member dies.

Can doves see at night?

Doves have excellent night vision, thanks to their rods. Rods are located in the retina and help the bird see at night. They detect changes in brightness, and when there is no change in brightness, the rod cell fires off an electrical impulse.

This allows doves to see in low light conditions and even in complete darkness. In addition, doves have a tapetum lucidum, which is a reflective layer of cells in the back of their eyes that reflects light and helps them see better in the dark.

What color are the dove’s eyes?

The color of a dove’s eyes can vary depending on the species. Common doves have dark brown eyes, while mourning doves have yellow-orange eyes.

Blue-eyed ground doves have blue eyes, which sets them apart from other species. The blue coloration is caused by a pigment called pteridine that reflects light and gives the eye its distinctive hue.

Do doves recognize faces?

Doves are one of the few species of birds that are capable of recognizing people’s faces, although they are a rare exception.

Doves are able to distinguish between individuals who provide them with food and those who intend to hurt them. This talent is essential for the birds to have in order to survive in the wild since it enables them to tell friends from foes.

People who provide doves with food regularly will notice that the birds are less likely to flee from them when they approach. The reason for this is that the birds have learned to recognize the human faces of the people who feed them over the course of time.

Do doves have the ability to see TV screens?

Doves are able to view the screens of televisions, computers, and other electronic devices.

The bird’s eyes are so sensitive to light that they can see the flickering of the images on the screen.

In fact, doves are not the only type of bird that can see electronic screens. Any bird with good eyesight will be able to see the images on a screen.

Summary

Before we move on to the conclusion, we’ve summarized this article into a short list of key points for you to remember:

• Doves have good vision, with some species being able to see in dim conditions due to special cells in their eyes called tapetum lucidum.
• Doves are one of the few species of birds that can recognize people’s faces.
• Doves can see the screens of televisions, computers, and other electronic devices.
• Grey doves have better vision than mourning doves.

Conclusion

In this article, we’ve learned about the anatomy of a dove and how its eyes work. We’ve also learned some interesting facts about the behavior of these birds.

We went over some interesting facts about doves. We also answered some common questions people have about these birds.

Doves are intelligent creatures that have the ability to recognize faces due to their extraordinarily sharp vision, enabling them to identify showy attire and activity from a considerable distance.

Additionally, we looked at the differences between the eyes of a grey dove and those of a mourning dove.

Finally, we discussed whether doves see color and why they might be colorblind.

Want to learn more about doves?

Ready to boost your knowledge to the next level? If so, check out the articles below:

• Do Doves and Pigeons Make Good Pets?
• What Do Turtle Doves Eat? Everything You Need To Know!
• Are Doves Aggressive?

Sources

• FOR THE BIRDS: Bird eyes differ from human eyes

Going hunting? Need to touch up your gear? Look no further – creating your own camo pattern is easy! With the following tips, you can get that perfect, natural camo look in 15 minutes or less. Follow this easy, step-by-step guide to get the look.

What You Need

• Gear to spray paint
• Camo spray paint in black, brown, olive and khaki
• Drop cloth to protect from overspray
• Gloves (optional)
• Stencil (optional)
• Branches and leaves (ideally from the area you will be hunting in)

STEP 1: Prep your work area

Set up a spray area by covering your work space with a drop cloth. Make sure it is a well-ventilated area – outside is ideal. Using an all-purpose cleaner, thoroughly clean the inside and outside of your surfaces to remove dirt, oil and debris.

STEP 2: Paint your base

Depending on the surface, you may want to do a base colour on your project before layering with the camo pattern. It is always best to start with a base coat when you are working with a brightly coloured object.. One recommended product to accomplish this is Krylon Camouflage Spray Paint. For the base, layer the camo spray paint in black and brown using short, fast bursts. Keep layering colour until most or all of the original colour is gone.

Spray Tip: Make sure you read and follow the instructions on the can for proper spray distances, dry times and recoat timeframes. Products like Krylon Camouflage paint should be shaken for at least one minute after the ball has been released inside the can to ensure proper colour distribution. It is always recommended to test-spray on a scrap piece of paper or on your drop cloth before spraying your project. While painting, hold the can six to eight inches away from the surface and make sure to spray in smooth, even strokes to prevent drips or large areas of concentrated colour.

STEP 3: Create your camo

Layer leaves and branches over your project. Using the lighter colours (olive and khaki), spray in long, sweeping motions across the organic material. Remove the leaves and branches to reveal the pattern below. Repeat this process all around until you are satisfied with the pattern.

Spray Tip: Layer, Layer, LAYER! The more you layer the pattern, the more realistic it will look.

STEP 4

Let it dry. Spray paint typically dries in 15 minutes or less and can be handled in about one hour.

Quick Tips

• Choose the right pattern – pick branches and leaves from the area you will be hunting in to create a custom camo look to that area.
• Choose the right colours – layer colours so the hues that are most prominent in the area you will be hunting in are most featured. Always use an ultra-flat finish to ensure there is no light reflection.
• Pick a stencil – if you’re looking for a more traditional camo stencil, follow the instructions above, but instead of using natural stencils with leaves and branches, download them online. Krylon’s camo stencils can be found at krylon.com
• Light coats – for best results, use light, even coats instead of thick, heavy coats of paints. This will prevent drips and will also speed up dry time.